Chapter 15 - Personality pt. 2 Flashcards
Terror-management Theory
proposes that faith in one’s worldview and the pursuit of one’s self-esteem provide protection against a deeply rooted fear of death.
Self-actualization
According to Maslow, the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved the motivation to fulfill one’s potential.
Unconditional Positive Regard
An attitude of total acceptance toward another person.
Self-Concept
All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question ‘who am i?’
Traits
A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.
Gordon Allport
Define personality in terms of identifiable behavior patterns. He was less concerned explaining traits than identifying with them.
Personality Inventories
A questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits.
MMPI
The most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders (still considered its most appropriate use) the rest is now used for many other screening purposes.
Ellie
dog
Empirically Derived
A test developed by testing a pool of items and then deleting those that discriminate between groups.
The Big Five
5 traits that surface a lot. CANOE. Conscientiousness Agreeableness Neuroticism (emotionally stable vs. unstable) Openness Extraversion.
Reciprocal Determinism
Interacting influences between personality and environmental factors.
Personal Control
Our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless.
External Locus of Control
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond one’s personal control determine’s ones fate.
Internal Locus of Control
The perception that one controls one’s own fate.
Positive Psychology
The scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enables individuals and communities to thrive.
Spotlight Effect
Overestimating others noticing and evaluation our appearance, performance and blunders (as if we presume a spotlight shines on us).
Self-Esteem
One’s feelings of high or low self-worth
Self-serving Bias
A readiness to perceive oneself favorably.
Humanistic Perspective
Emphasizes empathy and stresses the good in human behavior.
Carl Rogers
believed that in order for self-actualization to occur, 3 conditions. Genuine, acceptance, empathy.
Factor Analysis
The statistical procedure used to identify clusters of traits that go together.
Social-cognitive perspective
views behavior as influence by the interaction between persons (and their thinking) and their social context.
Martin Seligman
Positive Psychology
Learned Helplessness
The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events.
