chapter 15--networking Flashcards
The internet is a _____ .
WAN
The industry standard for LANs.
ethernet
A node that handles communication between its LAN and other networks.
gateway
A network that connects other networks
internet
Star topology is a _____ configuration.
ethernet
Ethernet uses ______ topology.
bus topology
______ and POTS can use the same phone line simultaneously.
DSL
DSL and cable modems are _____ connections.
broadband
An internet configuration mede using a digital signal on regular phone lines.
DSL
Network technologies that generally provide data transfer speeds greater than 128K.
broadband
the network protocal that breaks messages into packets, reassembles them at the destination, and corrects errors.
TCP
The suite of protocols and programs that supports low-level network communication.
TCP/IP
An alternative to TCP that achieves higher transmission speeds.
UDP
software that deals with the routing of packets..
IP
_____has more reliability that TCP.
UDP
protocol for e-mail
SMTP
protocol to login to a remote computer system
telnet
protocol to transfer files to and from another computer
FTP
protocol for the format of email attachments
MIME
protocol for exchange of WWW documents
HTTP
True/False. A port is a numeric designation that corresponds to a particular high-level protocal
true
True/False. A firewall protects a LAN from physical damage
false.
True/False. Each company can establish its own access control policy
true
True/False. Some top-level domains are based on the country in which the registering organization is based
true
Two organizations cannot have the same name for a computer
false
To what does the world node (host) refer?
any device on a computer network
name and describe two key issues related to computer networks.
security–networks can be hacked with malicious intent. speed–networks can be slowed down by too much traffic, or insufficient amounts of cabling.
What is a synonym for data transfer rate?
bitrate
describe the client/server model and discuss how it has changed how we think about computing.
More and more processing is done remotely, on a central machine(s), instead of on the end-user’s machine. This allows for greater speed and efficiency for end-users, and frees up space and time on the end-user’s hard drive and processor, respectively.
Phone modems and DSL use the same kind of phone lines to transfer data. Why is DSL faster?
because DSL is digital, which allows for a higher bitrate than the older analog phone modems.
What is a packet, and why is information sent across the internet in packets?
A packet is a small package of information sent across the internet. it can be routed through many different routers, and can still make it to its destination even if some transmission paths aren’t working. Information is divided into packets to maximize efficient usage of the transmission capabilities of the shared communication lines that make up the internet.
Define packet switching.
where internet communications are divided into packets, then broken up into different parts and send separately through different transmission paths to their destination, to be reassembled by the computer that the packets are being sent to.
What problems arise due to packet switching?
there is no guarantee that the entire packet will make it to the destination. Also, packet switching can lead to network overloads, if too much data is being sent at once.
What is the seven-layer logical breakdown of network interaction called? Name the layers in order
open systems interconnection reference model. physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application layers.
What is a protocol stack, and why is it layered?
layers of protocols that build and rely on each other. For overall simplicity and ease of use, and so that new higher-level protocols do not require changes to lower-level protocols to work.
How does a firewall accomplish its task, and what is a firewall?
A firewall is a machine and its software that serve as a secure gateway between the internet and a smaller network, protecting the smaller network from hacking and general security issues. The firewall filters all incoming traffic to the LAN, and sometimes rejects some traffic altogether,
What is a hostname, and how is it composed?
It is a computer’s unique name on the internet, and is composed of words separated by periods, ending with a high-level domain name like .com or .gov.. Each hostname corresponds to a unique IP address.
What is the primary difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
IPv6 has more total possible IP addresses in it. It also is in hexadecimal instead of decimal, to keep the addresses shorter
What is a domain name?
the part of the hostname that specifies the particular organization or group.
What is a top-level domain name?
the last section of a domain name, specifying the type of organization or the country that the organization is located in
How does the current domain name system try to resolve a hostname?
the browser or email software sends a request to a nearby domain name server. If that server can resolve the hostname, it does so. If not, that server sends the request to another domain name server. The request continues to propagate until it reaches a server that can resolve the name, or until the request expires due to taking too long to resolve.
What are the four types of cloud computing services?
Public, Private (one organization), community (shared among two or more organizations with similar needs), and hybrid.
What is cloud computing?
using offsite resources for data storage, syncing of devices, and other purposes.
Are there restrictions on the use of some of the new top-level domain names like .biz, info, .pro, etc.?
Yes, depending on which one.
List 3 awards that Doug Englebart has won, and list the computer hardware component he invented
The mouse. National Medal of Technology, the Lemelson IT Prize, and the Benjamin Franklin medal
What was Tymnet’s original purpose?
It was a time-sharing company, selling computer time
X.25 was what?
A packet-switching protocol that existed prior to TCP/IP
What does ICANN stand for, and what is its purpose?
Internet corporation for assigned names and numbers. It manages top-level domain names
What is Vinton Cerf known as?
Father of the Internet
What was Tymnet’s purpose?
to provide packet-switched internet connections via X.25 and other protocols
What US government organization was replaced by ICANN?
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, the IANA
