Chapter 15 Ideal Gases

Question 1

what is a mole

Answer 1

amount of substance you have

Question 2

what is the avogadro constant

Answer 2

6.02x10^23

Question 3

how many particles of a substance are in 1 mole of the substance

Answer 3

6.02x10^23

Question 4

what is the number of particles equation

Answer 4

N = n x Na

Number of particles = no. moles x avogadro constant

Question 5

what is kinetic theory

Answer 5

model used to demonstrate the behaviour of atoms or molecules in an ideal gas

Question 6

what are the six ideal gas assumptions

Answer 6

R- Random motion of particles
A- No(negligible) attraction between particles
V- Gas occupies a negligible volume
E- All collisions are elastic
D- Duration of collisions is negligible
N- Very large number of particles

Question 7

what is the pressure-volume gas law equation

Answer 7

p α 1/V –> pV = constant

Question 8

what is the pressure-volume gas law rule

Answer 8

temperature and mass must remain the constant

Question 9

what is the pressure-temperature gas law equation

Answer 9

p α T –> p/T = constant

Question 10

what is the pressure-temperature gas law rule

Answer 10

volume and mass must remain constant

Question 11

what is the combined ideal gas law equation

Answer 11

(p1V1)/T1 = (p2V2)/T2

Question 12

what is the full ideal gas law equation

Answer 12

pV =nRT

pressure x volume = moles x molar gas constant x temperature(in K)

Question 13

what is c^rms

Answer 13

root mean squared speed

Question 14

how do you calculate crms

Answer 14

square all the speeds
find the mean of the squares
root this mean value

Question 15

what is the crms gas equation

Answer 15

pV=1/3Nmc^2

Question 16

what is the first step to deriving pV = 1/3Nmc^2

Answer 16

Change in momentum = 2mc
force = change in momentum / change in time
F = (mc^2) / L

Question 17

what is the second step to deriving pV = 1/3Nmc^2

Answer 17

only 1/3 of the particles will be moving in this given direction so
F = (Nmc^2)/3L

Question 18

what is the third and final step to deriving pV = 1/3Nmc^2

Answer 18

p = F/A therefore F = pA
then FL = pV
SO pV = 1/3Nmc^2

Question 19

what does the maxwell-boltzmann distribution show

Answer 19

the distribution of particles with particular energy states

Question 20

what is the boltzmann ideal gas equation

Answer 20

pV = NkT

pressure x volume = No.particles x boltzmann constant x temperature(in K)

Question 21

what is the KE-boltzmann equation

Answer 21

1/2mc^2 = 3/2kT

Question 22

what is the first step to deriving the KE-boltzmann equation

Answer 22

pV = NkT
pV = 1/3Nmc^2
therefore
NkT = 1/3Nmc^2

Question 23

what is the second step to deriving the KE-boltzmann equation

Answer 23

Cancel out the N then multiply the mc^2 side by 2/3 to get

2/3 x (1/2mc^2) = kT

Question 24

what is the third and final step to deriving the KE-boltzmann equation

Answer 24

divide both sides by 2/3 to get

1/2mc^2 = 3/2kT

Question 25

define internal energy

Answer 25

internal energy = sum of the kinetic and potential energies