Chapter 15 Civilization sites Flashcards
Old World civilizations
Near East (Uruk and Ur), Egypt (Hierakonpolis, Memphis, Giza, and Valley of Kings), Asia (Mohenjo Daro and Harappa, Erlitou, Erligang and Shixianggou, and Shi Huangi).
Uruk (Iraq)
5.5-1.8 kya was earliest true city, associated with Sumerian civilization of South Tigris Euphrates Valley.
Ur (Iraq)
4-2.5 kya had cemetery of +1800 graves including 16 royal tombs with King Abargi and Queen Puabi.
Hierakonpolis (Egypt)
5.3 kya Nile Valley urban center associated with development of Egypt unification as 1 polity, home to Narmer Palette who made 1st Dynasty of Egyptian civilization.
Memphis (Egypt)
5.1-3.3 kya Old Kingdom capital city south of Cairo, abondened after 641 AD.
Giza (Egypt)
4.5 kya Old Kingdoom pyramid complex southwest of Cairo, includes Great Sphinx (male Khafra with lion body)
Valley of Kings (Egypt)
3.5-3 kya Desert valley near Thebes (Luxor), +50 New Kingdom tombs of pharaohs & elites including King Tut.
Mohenjo Daro & Harappa (Pakistan)
4.6-3.9 kya most extensive excavated large Indus civilization cities in south Asia, 1st urban sanitation system (sewer) with indoor toilet and bath.
Erlitou (China)
4 kya elaborate site associated with earliest phase of civilization in north China, had wheeled vehicles.
Erligang & Shixianggou (China)
3.6-3046 kya early Shang dynasty sites.
Shi Huangdi (China)
2.2 kya tomb of 1st emperor Qin Shi Huangdi, includes whole terracotta army.
New World civilizations
Lowland Mesoamerica (San Lorenzo, La Venta, Ceren, Tikal, and Copan), Highland Mesoamerica (Teotihuacan, Cuicuilco, Kaminaljuyu, and Tula), Peruvian (Caral, Aspero, Sechin Alto, Chavin de Huantar, Moche, Wari, Chan Chan, Inca, Cuzco, Nazca), and Bolivia (Tiwanaku).
San Lorenzo (Veracruz, Mexico)
3.14-2.9 kya Olmec civic ceremonial center.
La Venta (Tabasco, Mexico)
2.8-2.4 kya large Olmec civic ceremonial center on coast.
Ceren (El Salvador)
1.4 kya Maya village buried by volcanic eruption, like Pompeii but in Classic period Maya life.