Chapter 15 - Brain & Cranial Nerves

Question 1

The four major brain regions are:

Answer 1

Cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum

Question 2

Structural folds on other outer surface of the brain are called:

Answer 2

Gyri

Question 3

Structural shallow depressions between the folds are called:

Answer 3

Sulci

Question 4

Brain tissue composed of unmyelinated axons:

Answer 4

Gray matter

Question 5

Brain tissue composed of myelinated axons:

Answer 5

White matter

Question 6

External sheets of gray matter called:

Answer 6

Cortex

Question 7

The structures protecting the brain include:

Answer 7

Bony cranium, meninges, CSF, blood brain barrier

Question 8

List the cranial meninges from superficial to deep:

Answer 8

Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

Question 9

Space between the arachnoid and the dura mater:

Answer 9

Subdural

Question 10

The brain ventricles circulate the _____ fluid.

Answer 10

CSF

Question 11

The CSF is formed by the:

Answer 11

Choroid plexus

Question 12

The CSF is secreted by ______ cells.

Answer 12

Ependymal

Question 13

Protects the nervous tissue from general circulation:

Answer 13

Blood brain barrier

Question 14

The blood brain barrier does not exist in these areas of the brain:

Answer 14

Choroid plexus, hypothalamus, pineal gland

Question 15

Deep grooves that separate major regions of the brain:

Answer 15

Fissures

Question 16

Sulcus that separates frontal and parietal lobes:

Answer 16

Central sulcus

Question 17

Sulcus that separates occipital and parietal lobes:

Answer 17

Parieto-occipital sulcus

Question 18

Sulcus that separates parietal and temporal lobes:

Answer 18

Lateral sulcus

Question 19

List the three kinds of cerebral cortex functional areas:

Answer 19

Motor, sensory, association

Question 20

The primary motor cortex is located in the ______ gyrus of frontal lobe.

Answer 20

Precentral

Question 21

The cells of the primary motor cortex control specific areas of the body:

Answer 21

Pyramidal

Question 22

The primary sensory cortex is located in the parietal, temporal, and _____ lobes.

Answer 22

Occipital

Question 23

The primary sensory cortex is involved the conscious awareness of:

Answer 23

Sensation

Question 24

The Primary somatosensory cortex is located along the _____ gyrus and is involved with conscious awareness of general somatic senses.

Answer 24

Postcentral

Question 25

The primary visual cortex is located in the ____ lobe.

Answer 25

Occipital

Question 26

The primary auditory cortex is located in the ____ lobe.

Answer 26

Temporal

Question 27

The gustatory cortex is located along the ____ sulcus.

Answer 27

Lateral

Question 28

The vestibular cortex is located in the:

Answer 28

Insula

Question 29

The olfactory cortex is located in the:

Answer 29

Piriform lobe

Question 30

The prefrontal cortex association area performs all aspects of thinking and:

Answer 30

Perceiving

Question 31

The general interpretation area is thought to be involved with visual processing of:

Answer 31

Special relationships

Question 32

The language are is located in the left cerebral hemisphere, containing the ____ for speech production, and the _____ for speech comprehension.

Answer 32

Broca’s area

Wernicke’s area

Question 33

The cerebral hemisphere that has more control over language, math and logic:

Answer 33

Left

Question 34

The cerebral hemisphere that has more control over visual spatial, intuition, emotion, and music:

Answer 34

Right

Question 35

Tracts of the brain that allow communication between cerebral hemispheres:

Answer 35

Commissures

Question 36

Tracts of the brain that connect different parts of the same hemisphere:

Answer 36

Association fibers

Question 37

Tracts of the brain that run vertically:

Answer 37

Projection fibers

Question 38

Tracts that run between the thalamus and basal nuclei:

Answer 38

Internal capsule

Question 39

Cooperate with cerebral cortex to control movements:

Answer 39

Basal nuclei

Question 40

Part of diencephalon that relays incoming sensory messages:

Answer 40

Thalamus

Question 41

Part of diencephalon that controls visceral organs:

Answer 41

Hypothalamus

Question 42

Part of diencephalon containing pineal gland:

Answer 42

Epithalamus

Question 43

List the parts of the brain stem:

Answer 43

Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 44

Largest nuclei of the Midbrain and acts in visual and auditory reflexes:

Answer 44

Corpora quadrigemina

Question 45

Brain stem structure that relays messages from cortex and cerebellum:

Answer 45

Pons

Question 46

Brain stem structure with reticular formations that control visceral centers:

Answer 46

Medulla oblongata

Question 47

Structure of the brain that coordinates body movements and helps maintain equilibrium:

Answer 47

Cerebellum

Question 48

Functional brain system also known as the “emotional brain:”

Answer 48

Limbic system

Question 49

Functional brain system maintaining consciousness, alertness, sleep and arousal from sleep:

Answer 49

Reticular activating system (reticular formations)