chapter 15 amines Flashcards
A molecule with C-H is considered a _____
Hydrocarbon
Phosphorous appears in organic chemistry as ____
phosphates
Amines consist of _____-_____
Carbon-nitrogen
What is the name of NH3
Ammonia
Is ammonia an acid or base?
base
What are amines derived from?
Ammonia
Are amines acids or bases?
Bases
What do amines react with?
Acids
when an acid reacts with a base the product is a ____
Salt
When 1 hydrogen molecule in ammonia is replaced with an alkyl group it is a _______ amine
Primary
When two hydrogens in ammonia are replaced with an alkyl group the result is a _____ amine
secondary
When three hydrogen molecules in ammonia are replaced with an alkyl group it is a _____ amine.
tertiary
Is amine solute in water?
Yes
Is nitrogen electronegative?
Yes
In amines, the charge results in electrons associated with nitrogen being _________ the nitrogen
dragged toward
When nitrogen has a hydrogen in an amine, they can _____ bond.
Hydrogen
What amines can hydrogen bond with nitrogen?
Primary/secondary
What amines are not able to hydrogen bond?
tertiary amines
Why can’t tertiary amines hydrogen bond?
Their hydrogens are attached to functional groups
Are tertiary amines water soluble?
No, because they cannot hydrogen bond
Which amine has the highest solubility:
tertiary
secondary
primary
Primary
The more capacity for hydrogen bonding the more _____ they are in water.
Soluble
If the capacity for hydrogen bonding is higher the chances of hydrogen bonding with itself is higher, so the boiling point will be ______.
higher
Hydrogen bonding capabilities affects ____ and ____
Solubility and boiling points
Nitrogen has a lone pair of electrons that can also be used for ______ bonds.
Covalent
When nitrogen’s lone pair of electrons is used for covalent bonds, the result is a ______ ______ ____
Quanternary ammonium ion
What are the two steps for naming amines?
Recognizing alkyl groups
adding amine
How can you tell if a test question is asking you to name an amine?
NH2 will be present
In tertiary amines, if there are two substituents attached to nitrogen it will be written as ____-
n,n-
The simplest aromatic compound is known as _____
aniline
If a benzene has a methyl (CH3) group attached, it is known as a ___
toulene
If a benzene has an OH group attached it is known as a _____
Phenol
What is the parent compound when naming amines?
N-H
What is the parent compound for an amine containing an aromatic?
Aniline
Benzene derived amine is known as ______
Aniline
If NH2 is not the preferred functional group it must be mentioned as ______ group
amino
Parent compound in amines will vary depending on the ________
priority of the functional groups
Amino acids consist of ______+______
amino group+acid group
Polyethylene can be found in _______.
plastic
Amines are _____ Lowry bases.
weak
Amines will _____ the proton in a reaction.
accept
Amines have a ______ odor.
unpleasant
When reacting with water, water will act as a ______ to the amine.
acid
When an amine and an acid react, the result is a _____ base.
conjugate base
The longer the chain in a molecule the ____ the boiling point.
higher
If a short chain has a functional group attached the boiling point will be ________.
higher
Which has the highest boiling point?
CHCHCHOH
CHOH
CHCHOH
CHCHCHOH
because the chain is the longest and all have a functional group
If there is more than 6 carbons, even with functional groups like OH, it will have _____ solubility.
little-no
Lack of hydrogen on the nitrogen _____ the boiling point.
lowers
The more hydrogens available the _____ the boiling point.
higher
Simplest amines are typically _____.
gases
Other common amines are typically _____.
liquids
Whenever there is nitrogen in a compound it will have a _________ odor.
unpleasant
Oxygen in a compound will not have a very unpleasant odor.
T/F
true
amines have a ______ toxicity.
high
Many useful over the counter drugs contain _____.
amines
What is the difference between heterocyclic and cyclic amines?
heterocyclic has an N replacing one of the corner carbons on the ring structure.
Heterocyclic amines have to contain a ______ bond.
double
Two very common examples of heterocyclic amines are _______ and _______.
preparidine and paradine
If you take a cyclohexane and replace on of the carbons with a nitrogen it becomes a ________.
Preparadine.
If you take a benzene and replace one carbon with nitrogen it becomes ______.
perfadine
Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines all react with water to produce _______ amine.
pronated
Non aromatic amines are slightly _____ bases than aromatic amines.
Stronger
Non aromatic amines are stronger bases than _______.
ammonia
Positive charges in amines will be mostly stable because of the _____,
carbon
Amines are stronger bases than _______.
ammonia
Aromatic amines are ______ basic when compared to ammonia.
less
Basicity levels
______>_______>_______
amines>ammonia>Aromatic amiens
