Chapter 15 Flashcards
1
Q
The assignment of the ISO is the responsibility of the Incident commander.
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2
Q
The IC should forecast resource and incident command system needs early in the development of the incident.
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3
Q
Personnel and tactical level supervisors provide the first line of defense in recognizing and mitigating hazards.
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4
Q
The ISO should be viewed as the last line of defense in incident operations in preventing an injury or fatality.
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5
Q
Incident hazards should be assessed from an operational and environmental perspective.
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6
Q
Operational hazards are typically viewed as expected and imminent.
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7
Q
Staying within the cold zone and no closer than the warm zone, the ISO’s role is to continually monitor operational activities, environmental conditions, fire development, and structural integrity.
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8
Q
Imminent threats are those that require immediate action to prevent a significant injury or fatality.
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9
Q
The ISO has the authority to immediately stop, alter, or suspend an operation until corrective actions are taken.
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10
Q
The ISO should ensure the IC has considered the environment in developing the IAP.
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11
Q
Scene hazards can be prioritized based on severity of the hazard and risk posed to responders.
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12
Q
The IC will complete the initial prioritization during the initial incident size up an decision on strategy and tactics.
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13
Q
Forecasting predictions should be communicated to the IC with enough time for changes in the strategy to be considered, ordered, and implemented.
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14
Q
Establishing access and egress at the scene should account for the flow path or possible flow path of the fire.
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15
Q
The ISO should ensure that coordinated tactics control the flow path of the fire and maintain safe access and egress.
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16
Q
The majority of emergency incident operations will be managed with a verbal IAP that is dynamic to the changing incident conditions.
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17
Q
The verbal IAP with the tactical worksheet may evolve into a written IAP as the incident grows in size and /or complexity.
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18
Q
Incident personnel should direct their actions toward achieving the incident objectives, strategies, and tactics specified in the plan.
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19
Q
The ISO should ensure that all SOPs are followed, such as the establishment of an accountability system or rapid intervention in the verbal orders.
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20
Q
Personnel operating outside the established IAP or freelancing are a danger to themselves and all other personnel on scene.
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21
Q
The IC develops and implements the initial written IAP with assistance from the Operations Section Chief when needed.
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22
Q
In the planning P, the ISO will develop a written general safety message and the Incident Action Plan safety analysis.
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23
Q
The IC, or if assigned, the planning section maintains the situation status information.
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24
Q
The ISO should monitor the overall incident for current situations status and if the incident stabilization effort is succeeding.
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25
By creating a positive and efficient command presence on the radio, irrelevant radio traffic can be reduced.
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26
For the ISO, safety communications are critical messages that are broadcast over the radio to or from the IC and intended for all personnel to hear.
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27
The ISO should have clear instructions to perform an independent incident assessment and provide hazard mitigation recommendations to hear.
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28
An incident safety plan and safety briefing are completed during complex incidents when the IAP is written. The ISO is responsible for completing both.
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29
The incident safety plan should provide reasonable mitigation strategies for the incident planning process.
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30
The safety briefing is also summarized on ICS form 201, incident briefing, as the safety message.
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31
The incident safety plan should include information about the impact of the weather, material identification, geographical data, location site and building plans, and general incident information.
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32
The ISO should monitor weather conditions for potential adverse effects on the incident operations, fire behavior, and personnel safety.
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33
If weather forecasting is needed during an incident, the IC can assign an official weather observer under the situation unit leader in the planning section.
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34
Weather information will be included on ICS form 209, Incident Status Summary.
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35
When requested the weather observer will prepare an incident weather forecast on ICS form 222.
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36
OSHA's hazard communication standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200, regulates the production of SDS's by manufacturers or distributors.
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37
Evaluating topography is needed to identify previous burn areas, high and low points, routes of access and egress, and dangerous slopes.
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38
Pre-incident plans provide important site characteristics that are needed during the IAP development and planning process.
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39
NIMS documentation on ICS forms will be required for events where the IAP is written.
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40
NFPA 1521, standard for fire dept. safety officer professional qualifications, only requires that the ISO complete ICS form 215 A.
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41
The safety analysis is one of the primary ICS form responsibilities for the ISO.
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42
NFPA 1951, standard on protective ensembles for technical rescue incidents, addresses the protection of personnel in common technical rescue incidents.
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43
NFPA 1981, standard on open circuit self contained breathing apparatus.
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44
SCBA face pieces should be inspected before and after each use in accordance with NFPA 1852, selection care and maintenance of open circuit SCBA.
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45
The face piece must maintain air pressure specified in the standard under radiant heat conditions typical for a structure fire for 24 minutes.
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46
Safety briefings should be conducted prior to starting technical rescue or hazardous materials operations.
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47
Resource accountability and tracking is the IC's responsibility until the responsibility is delegated to the Resources Unit in the planning section.
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48
Planned changes in the IAP are typically associated with changes to the incident's complexity.
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49
The greater the complexity, the greater the potential for changes to the IAP.
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50
Good communications help maintain the incident continuity and situational awareness during times of change.
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51
After the ISO receives a briefing from the IC, the ISO should conduct an evaluation of the incident strategies.
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52
The NFPA 1006 should be referenced for specific information on each type of technical rescue incident.
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53
Weather will play a significant role in the complexity of the incident as well as the terrain and topography of the location.
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54
Trench rescue operations generally begin with stabilizing the trench to prevent collapse.
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55
Establishing control zones is an incident control strategy the IC sets to ensure personnel safety and accountability.
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56
Wind direction is an environmental factor that should be considered when mapping operational zones at an incident scene, especially incidents involving release of hazardous gases into the air.
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57
The first arriving unit to the scene should establish control zones at technical rescue incidents.
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58
Cone shaped or irregular shaped zones should be identified when air currents directly affect the contamination area.
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59
The federal aviation administration and organizational policy regulate helicopter landing zones at established heliports or unimproved temporary landing sites.
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60
The ground crew will identify a temporary landing zone, but the flight crew will approve it.
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61
A good rule to follow is for the landing zone site to be two times the size of the rotor diameter.
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62
Flat surfaces are preferred over slopes, but no slope should exceed 5 percent.
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Generally, a 100ft x 100ft area is recommended as a minimum landing zone site.
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64
Radio communications are the foundations of incident scene operations, and they allow for the sharing of information that begins with the dispatch information.
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65
The ISO should monitor radio communications to ensure communications are clear, promote accountability, and lead to a coordinated incident stabilization effort.
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66
Other than the IC position, the ISO position should be the first delegated position within the command and general staff positions.
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67
RIC members should have specific training in performing a downed firefighter rescue that is outlined in NFPA 1407.
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68
A RIC activation must be planned for in the IAP and in the decision making process of the IC.
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69
Rehabilitation areas should be established in accordance with the recommendations of NFPA 1584, standard on the rehabilitation process for members during emergency operations and training exercises.
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70
Incident related stress combined with cumulative stress can be contributing factors when a firefighter suffers sudden cardiac arrest while on a scene.
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71
Locating the rehab function within close proximity to on-scene medical support is a logical approach.
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72
The rehab area needs to be in the cold zone and provides relief from the environment.
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Premedical surveillance should include evaluating baseline vitals and hydrating personnel prior to conducting hot zone activities.
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74
The rehab area should include post medical surveillance operations for firefighters who are checking in during operations or after operations are terminated.
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The responder rehabilitation manager reports to the medical unit leader in the logistics section of the ICS structure.
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76
Ensuring the use of rehab starts with the organization's administration.
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77
Within the ICS structure and according to NFPA 1521, the ISO has the authority to stop, alter, or suspend operations when an imminent threat or hazard places personnel at significant risk of injury or death.
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78
Forecasting the incident is critical to avoiding the situation where the ISO must stop, alter, or suspend operations.
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79
The risk/benefit analysis will help guide the development of the IAP while placing member safety at the forefront of consideration.
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80
The goal of an operation is for incident stabilization however, operations can also create new hazards.
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81
The goal of determining scene conditions is to evaluate all aspects of the incident, the location, the operations, and the influence from the environment.
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The process of incident stabilization can alter conditions for the better or worse.
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83
The role of the ISO in determining scene conditions is to initially assess the situation and the IAP to ensure proper strategy and tactics are being employed.
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84
Fire behavior - fire conditions should be assessed for location, extent, fire load potential, and the effectiveness of suppression activities.
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85
All safety risks - location of power lines, apparatus placement risks, working from aerial devices should be assessed as part of the safety plan for the incident.
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86
Monitoring scene conditions throughout the incident is just as important as conducting the initial scene size up.
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87
The ISO should provide a critical assessment with the big picture perspective of the operation to the IC.
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88
The assessment can be accomplished by surveying the scene, listening to radio communications, and talking with personnel as they leave the hazard zone.
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89
All of the factors in determining the scene conditions should be reevaluated for changes, including scene conditions and personnel actions.
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90
The ISO should gather information from responders when they leave the hot zone as one part of monitoring the scene conditions.
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91
All personnel, especially crew leaders and tactical level management supervisors, should conduct audits of conditions.
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92
According to NFPA 1521, the ISO has a formal responsibility for auditing personnel actions and communicating recommendations to the IC if deficiencies are noted.
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93
The primary consideration in developing the IAP are the incident priorities and risk/benefit analysis.
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94
The risk/benefit analysis will help the IC determining the appropriate level of risk when deciding on the strategy for the incident.
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95
Once the incident priorities and acceptable level of risk are determined, the incident objectives will be established in terms of the specific strategy and tactics.
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96
The IAP should be monitored to ensure the risk/benefit analysis remains current.
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97
The transitional phase from an offensive to a defensive strategy is a brief period of time for personnel to adjust their position and tactics to comply with the new IAP.
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98
When changes are made to tactics in the IAP, a transitional attack from offensive to defensive attack mode allows personnel to adjust to new assignments.
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99
The IC should receive status updates on the changing conditions in order to make effective decisions about the strategy and tactics.
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100
While the IC has the overall incident responsibility, the ISO holds the authority and responsibility to suspend or terminate operations when a significant, imminent hazard places personnel at risk of injury or death.
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101
Subtle alterations, such as changing the hose stream applications can be handled at the task level and likely do not involve more than one crew.
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102
Significant alterations will involve all personnel and changes to the IAP.
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103
Several stress related psychological reactions and disorders can occur in relation to a critical incident.
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104
A critical incident is generally referred to as an event that is out of the normal or routine and one that causes abnormal physiological reactions.
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105
Critical incident stress can occur with a single incident or from cumulative events over time.
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106
Atypical stressful event is the term used in NFPA standards to describe critical incident stress.
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107
As knowledge of incident stress management evolves, the NFFF has developed widely accepted stress management programs that use the term potentially traumatic event.
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108
Peer support members are formally trained emergency service providers who assist with delivering the department's critical incident stress management plan.
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109
The ISO is responsible for monitoring personnel and making recommendations to the IC when atypical stress is a possibility.
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110
When the body undergoes normal levels of stress, it responds with increases in heart rate and blood pressure, oxygen consumption, muscle tension and strength, and dilation of the pupils.
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111
Defusing occurs the same day as the critical incident and before members are relieved of duty.
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112
The defusing process is brief and includes the sharing of information within small groups of responders.
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113
The defusing process includes three phases that allow trained personnel to assess, triage, and mitigate acute stress symptoms.
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114
Formal stress management meetings or debriefings may follow in the coming days after defusing.
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115
The debriefing process, if used, occurs within a few days of the incident and is intended to help personnel process the scope of the event.
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116
Critical incident stress has a cumulative effect over the course of a firefighter's career.
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A good risk management process should identify these hazards, provide mitigation steps, and ensure operations follow an effective IAP.
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