Chapter 15

Question 1

Need satisfying offering of an organization

Answer 1

Product

Question 2

5 characteristics of a Good

Answer 2

Tangible product 
Consistent product definition 
Production usually separate from consumption 
Can be inventoried (kept for later use) 
Low customer interaction

Question 3

7 Characteristics of a Service

Answer 3

Intangible product 
Produced and consumed at the same time 
Often unique 
High customer interaction 
Inconsistent product definition 
Often knowledge-based 
Frequently-dispersed

Question 4

New products or services can give firms what kind of advantage in the market place

Answer 4

Competitive advantage

Question 5

New products or services provide what to the firm

Answer 5

Benefits

Question 6

Companies develop new products or services to do what to existing capabilities

Answer 6

Exploit existing capabilities

Question 7

Companies can use new product development to do what to competitors

Answer 7

Block out competitors

Question 8

The characteristics or features of a product or service that determine its ability to meet the needs of the user

Answer 8

Product design

Question 9

A disciplined and defined set of tasks, steps, and phases that describe the normal means by which a company repetitively converts embryonic ideas into salable products or services

Answer 9

Product development process

Question 10

Six dimensions of product design

Answer 10

Repeatability (Robust design) 
Testability 
Serviceability 
Production volumes 
Product costs 
Match between the design and existing capabilities

Question 11

Refers to whether or not we can make the product over and over again

Answer 11

Repeatability

Question 12

The design of products to be less sensitive to variations, including manufacturing variation and misuse, increasing the probability that they will perform as intended. ( can the product be made over and over again no matter who’s making it?)

Answer 12

Robust design

Question 13

Refers to the ease with which critical components or functions can be tested during production (testing at different stages)

Answer 13

Testability

Question 14

Refers to the ease with which parts can be replaced, serviced or evaluated. ( we acknowledge our products do break down—how easy is it for us to fix it?)

Answer 14

Serviceability

Question 15

Refers to if we need to scale up production can we do so?

Answer 15

Production volumes

Question 16

Two types of product costs and the third component of product costs

Answer 16

Obvious costs
Hidden costs
Engineering change

Question 17

Labor and material are considered what kind of product costs (even equipment)

Answer 17

Obvious costs

Question 18

Engineering and transportation costs are considered what kind of product costs (overhead and support activities—not easy to track)

Answer 18

Hidden costs

Question 19

Costs associated when there is a change in how the product is produced. Revision to a drawing or design released by engineering to modify or correct a part.

Answer 19

Engineering change

Question 20

Phases of Product and Service Development

Answer 20

Concept development 
Planning 
Design and development 
Commercial preparation 
Launch

Question 21

Here a company identifies ideas for new or revised products and services

Answer 21

Concept development phase

Question 22

Here the company begins to address the feasibility of a product or service (will it make money)

Answer 22

Planning phase

Question 23

Here the company starts to invest heavily in the development effort and builds and evaluates prototypes (what will the product look like)

Answer 23

Design and development phase

Question 24

At this stage, firms start to invest heavily in operations and supply chain resources needed to support the new product or service (is everything in place, do we have all the materials needed)

Answer 24

Commercial preparation

Question 25

For physical products this usually means “filling up” the supply chain with products. For services, it can mean making the service broadly available to the target marketplace

Answer 25

Launch phase

Question 26

A process in which a product or service must clear specific hurdles before it can go on to the next development phase

Answer 26

Sequential development process

Question 27

Activities in different development stages are allowed to overlap with one another, thereby shortening the total development time

Answer 27

Concurrent engineering

Question 28

Overlapping development phase required tight coordination but it

Answer 28

Shrinks development times (things start to overlap to reduce the time it takes to get the product to market)

Question 29

7 organizational roles

Answer 29

``` Engineering Marketing Accounting Finance Designers Purchasing Suppliers ```

Question 30

Engineering handles what

Answer 30

The design

Question 31

Marketing is

Answer 31

The voice of customer needs etc.

Question 32

Accounting handles the

Answer 32

Cost

Question 33

Finance deals with

Answer 33

Planning-feasible to invest? | Makes sure money is available

Question 34

Designers make sure that the product

Answer 34

Works well for customers (colors, ergonomics)

Question 35

Purchasing deals with

Answer 35

Buying products from suppliers

Question 36

The process or preapproving supplier got specific commodities or parts

Answer 36

Presourcing

Question 37

Two types of design with suppliers

Answer 37

Gray box design | Black box design

Question 38

A situation in which a supplier works with a customer to jointly design the product

Answer 38

Gray box design

Question 39

A situation in which suppliers are provided with general requirements and are asked to fill in the technical specifications

Answer 39

Black box design

Question 40

4 approaches to improving product designs

Answer 40

DMADV QFD DFM Value analysis/Value engineering

Question 41

DMADV stands for

Answer 41

``` Define Measure Analyze Design Verify ```

Question 42

A six signs process that outlines the steps needed to create completely new business processes or products

Answer 42

DMADV

Question 43

Steps of DMADV

Answer 43

Define the project goals and customer deliverables Measure and determine the customer needs and specifications Analyze the product or process options to meet the customer needs Design the product or process Verify the new product or process

Question 44

QFD stands for

Answer 44

Quality Function Deployment

Question 45

A graphical tool used to help organizations move from vague notions of what customers want to specific engineering and operational requirements. Also called the “house of quality”

Answer 45

Quality function deployment

Question 46

DFM stands for

Answer 46

Designing for manufacturability

Question 47

The systematic consideration of manufacturing issues in the design and development process, facilitation the fabrication of the products components and their assembly into the overall product

Answer 47

Design for manufacturability (DFM)

Question 48

The planned elimination of superficial, accidental, and deliberate differences between parts in the interest of reducing part and supplier proliferation

Answer 48

Parts standardization

Question 49

A process that involves examining all elements of a component, an assembly, an end product, or a service to make sure it fulfills it intended function at the lowest total cost

Answer 49

Value analysis

Question 50

Achieving equivalent or better performance at a lower cost while maintaining all functional requirements defined by the customer

Answer 50

Value analysis/value engineering