Chapter 15

Question 1

Children of ______ parents feel secure, happy, and are more well behaved

Answer 1

-warm

Question 2

Children of ______ or ________ parents may feel anxious and less controlled

Answer 2

• hostile, uninvolved

Question 3

This parenting style is characterized by high control and low involvement/warmth

Answer 3

• Authoritarian

Question 4

This parenting style is characterized by high control and high warmth/involvement

Answer 4

• Authoritative

Question 5

This parenting style is characterized by low control and high warmth/ involvement

Answer 5

• Indulgent- permissive

Question 6

This parenting style is characterized by low control and low warmth

Answer 6

• Indifferent/ uninvolved

Question 7

This is a stimulus or event that strengthens or increases the probability of the response that it follows

Answer 7

• Reinforcement

Question 8

What is the negative reinforcement trap?

Answer 8

• When a parent rewards undesirable behaviour

Question 9

A stimulus or event that weakens or reduces the probability of the response that it follows

Answer 9

• Punishment

Question 10

Negative side effects of _________ include:

• Risk of injury
• Inducement of fear and hostility
• Aggression as a means to resolve disputes with other children
• Child only learns which response not to make and effects are temporary
• doesn’t teach the child undesirable responses
• may be reinforcing behaviour

Answer 10

• Punishment

Question 11

What are some characteristics of effective punishment?

Answer 11

• Immediate
• Consistent
• Informative
• Administered by a person whom the child has a warm and affectionate relationship
• Failure tolerance, promotes valuing (motivation vs obedience)

Question 12

The major types of _______ _________ are:

• physical
• sexual
• psychological
• neglect (most common)

Answer 12

• Child abuse

Question 13

________ are more adult and achievement oriented

Answer 13

• Firstborns

Question 14

Later borns are more _______ and ________

Answer 14

Sociable, innovative

Question 15

_______ have more academic success, higher levels of intelligence, leadership, autonomy and maturity

Answer 15

• Only children

Question 16

Adopted children are similar to non- adopted children in terms of __________, ___________, and cognitive development

Answer 16

• temperament, attachment

Question 17

When are problems more likely to occur with adopted children?

Answer 17

• When the child is older when adopted

- When the child’s pre adoption environment was poor

Question 18

What are the dimensions of parenting?

Answer 18

1. Warmth (involvement)

2. Control