Chapter 15

Question 1

Behavior Therapy

Answer 1

An approach in which patients with similar problems (e.g., depression , agoraphobia, pain) are treated as a group using standard behavior or cognitive-behavioral methods. Little attention is generally give to group dynamics

Question 2

Behavioral Family Therapy

Answer 2

An approach to family therapy that views family relation in terms of reinforcement contingencies, Here, the therapist’s role is to generate a behavioral analysis of family problems and indce family members to reinforce each other so as to increase the frequency of desired behaviors. A more cognitively focused therapist might teach individual family members to self-monitor problematic behaviors and patterns of thinking and challenge their interpretations of family events.

Question 3

Behavioral Marital Theray

Answer 3

A form of couples therapy that applies priniciples of reinforcment to a couple’s interactions. Major components of BMT include contingency contracting, support-understanding techniques, and problem-solving techniques

Question 4

Collaborative Family Therapy

Answer 4

A form of family therapy where each family member sees a different therapist, and the therapists meet periodically to dicuess their patients and the family as a whole. A variation of this approach involves having cotherapists work with the same family.

Question 5

Communication

Answer 5

The verbal and non verbal exchange of information about facts, thoughts, or feelings

Question 6

Concurrent Family Therapy

Answer 6

A form of family therapy in which one therapist sees all family members in individual sessions, in some cases, the therapist may conduct traditional psychotherapy with the principal patient but also occasionally see other members of the family.

Question 7

Conjoint Family Therapy

Answer 7

A form of family therapy in which one therapist meets with the entire family at the same time

Question 8

Contingency Contracting

Answer 8

In BMT, a technique in whcih spouses are tained to modify their own behavior to bring about a specific desired change in the behavior of their mate.

Question 9

Couples Therapy

Answer 9

A form of psychotherapy in which a couple meets with one or more therapists to work on any number of issues

Question 10

Curative Factors in Group Therapy

Answer 10

The commonalities among diverse group therapy approaches proposed by Yalom to be ithe source of the positive treatment effect. These factors include imparting information, instilling hope, universality, altruism, interpersonal learning, imitative behavior, corrective recapitulation of the primary family, catharsis, and group cohesiveness

Question 11

Double-blind

Answer 11

A case in which an individual is told two contradictory messages by an important figure in his or her life such that every response he or she makes with regard to that figure is wrong. At one time, double blind situations were believed to contribute to the development of schizophrenia

Question 12

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFT)

Answer 12

A form of couples therapy that is based on the assumption that marital distress results from negative affect and destructive interactional styles. The interventions of EFT attempt to change partners’ problematic interactional styles and emotional responses so that a stronger and more secure emotional bond can be established

Question 13

Family Therapy

Answer 13

A form of psychotherapy in which several members of a family are seen by the therapist in addition to the identified patient. This therapy modality is based on the idea that everyone in a family is affected when on member develops a problem and that the home environment may have contributed to the development of the problem in the first place. Although there are a variety of theoretical family approaches, most share the primary goal of improving communication within the family

Question 14

General Systems Theory

Answer 14

An important concept in family theray that conceives of the family as a system and believes that “pathology” is best reduced by altering the way that the system functions

Question 15

Gestalt Groups

Answer 15

a group approach in which the therapist focuses on one patient at a time and asks that person to experience his or her feelings and behaivors while the other group members are asked to observe and provide feedback to the person in the “hot seat”

Question 16

Group Therapy

Answer 16

A form of psychotherapy in which one or more therapists treat a number of patients at the same time. Generally speaking, most consist of five to ten patients, meet with a therapist at least once a week for 90 minutes to 2 hors seesion. However, groups may differ greatly in their theoretical orientations, their rules, and exclusions, and whether they are viewed as primary or supplemental modes of treatment

Question 17

Multisystemic Therapy

Answer 17

A form of family therapy orginally developed to treat antisocial behaviors in youth, it is unique in that it is administered in the home, school, or neighborhood, and focuses on the family role in the problems

Question 18

Problem-solving techniques

Answer 18

IN BMT, training couples inpsoitive communicationskills to enhance the effectiveness of decision making and negotiation

Question 19

Psychoanalytic Group Psychotherapy

Answer 19

Generally speaking, psychoanalytic therapy carried out in a group setting, here, group dynamics are considered secondary to individual processes, and the group acts as a vehicle through which the individual may obtain insight into his or her unconscious forces and defences

Question 20

Psychodrama

Answer 20

A form of role-playing developed by Moreno in which one patient in a group acts out a role assigned by a therapist, other patients serve as the supporting cast of “auxilary egos” and yet other patients serve as the audience, The idea is that listening to the responses of the auxilary egos and the reactions of the audience, the patient in the primary role will experience catharsis and self-understanding.

Question 21

Support Understanding Techniques

Answer 21

In BMT, techniques that ain to increase partners’ positive feelings, positive behaviors, and the degree of collaboration between them

Question 22

Time-limited group therapy

Answer 22

A group approach to brief therapy forwarded by Budman and Gurman in which patients meet weekly for a predetermined number of sessions. Four central characteristics include pregroup screening and preparation, the establishment and maintenance of a working focus, group cohesion, and member reactions to the time limits of the group.

Question 23

Transactional Analysis

Answer 23

A group method developed by Berne that focuses upon the “ego states” - Child, Parent, or Adult– That are evident based on patients’ transactions with other group members, as well as the valence (positive or negative) of these ego states, and helps patients adopt ways of thinking that are more characteristic of the positive Adult ego state, Another emphasis in TA is on identifying the games that patients employ to avoid getting to close to others and helping them to adopt more satisfying behaviors.