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MRI Med Term > chapter 15 > Flashcards

chapter 15 Flashcards

muscular

1
Q

3 types of muscle

A

skeletal, smooth (visceral) & cardiac

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2
Q

atrophy

A

the wasting away or diminished volume of tissue, an organ, or a body part

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3
Q

contract

A

draw together or shorten

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4
Q

fascia

A

sheet of fibrous connective tissue

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5
Q

fascicle

A

bundle of muscle fibers

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6
Q

fiber

A

a strand of filament

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7
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in size, but not in number, of an individual tissue element

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8
Q

insert

A

the attachment of a muscle to more movable part of the skeleton, as distinct from the origin

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9
Q

origin

A

fixed source of a muscle at its attachment to bone

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10
Q

peristalsis

A

waves of alternate contraction and relaxation of the alimentary canal wall to move food along the digestive tract

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11
Q

striated muscle

A

another term for skeletal muscle

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12
Q

striation

A

stripes

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13
Q

tone

A

tension present in resting muscles

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14
Q

voluntary muscles

A

another term for skeletal muscles, under control of the will

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15
Q

voluntary muscles

A

use at will, skeletal muscles

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16
Q

involuntary muscles

A

smooth & cardiac

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17
Q

shoulder girtle

A

connects axial skeleton to upper limbs & helps them move

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18
Q

infraspinatus

A

pertaining to/ beneath the spine (of the scapula)

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19
Q

rotator cuff

A

part of the capsule of the shoulder joint

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20
Q

subscapularis

A

pertaining to below the scapula

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21
Q

supraspinatus

A

pertaining to above the spine (of the scapula)

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22
Q

teres major

A

one of the muscles that make up the rotator cuff

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23
Q

biceps brachii

A

the muscle of the arm that has two heads or points of origin on the scapula

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24
Q

brachialis

A

muscle that lies underneath the biceps and is the strongest flexor of the forearm

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25
Q

brachioradialis

A

muscle that helps flex the forearm

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26
Q

deltoid

A

large, fan shaped muscle connecting the scapula and clavicle to the humerus (shoulder muscle)

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27
Q

dorsum

A

the back of any part of the body, including the back of the hand

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28
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

the widest (broadest) muscle in the back

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29
Q

retinaculum

A

fibrous ligament that keeps the tendons in place on the wrist so that they do not “bowstring” when the forearm muscles contract

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30
Q

thenar eminence

A

fleshy mass at the base of the thumb

31
Q

hypothenar eminence

A

fleshy mass at the base of the little finger

32
Q

triceps brachii

A

muscle of the arm that has 3 heads or points of origin`

33
Q

adductor

A

muscle that moves the thigh toward the midline

34
Q

adduction

A

action of moving toward the midline

35
Q

calcaneus

36
Q

calcaneal tendon

A

Achilles tendon; tendon of the heel formed from gastrocnemius and soleus muscle and inserted into the calcaneus

37
Q

gastrocnemius

A

major muscle in back of the lower leg; calf

38
Q

gluteus

A

refers to one of 3 muscles in the buttocks

39
Q

gluteus maximus

A

largest muscle in the body, covering a large part of each buttock

40
Q

gluteus medius

A

partly covered by maximus

41
Q

gluteus minimus

A

smallest, under medius

42
Q

popliteal fossa

A

hollow at the back of the knee

43
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

anterior thigh muscle with 4 heads (origins)

44
Q

cyst

A

abnormal, fluid- containing sac

45
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A

a condition with symmetrical weakness and wasting of pelvic, shoulder & proximal limb muscles

46
Q

fibromyalgia

A

pain in the muscle fibers

47
Q

ganglion

A

fluid- containing swelling attached to the synovial sheath of a tendon

48
Q

neurotransmitter

A

chemical agent that relays messages from one nerve cell to the next

49
Q

rhabdomyolsis

A

destruction of muscle to produce myoglobin

50
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a passage

51
Q

strain

A

overstretch or tear in a muscle or tendon

52
Q

sprain

A

a stretching or tearing of ligaments

53
Q

tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of a tendon and its surrounding synovial sheath

54
Q

antibody

A

protein produced in response to an antigen

55
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a tissue from a living person for a laboratory examination

56
Q

creatine kinase

A

enzyme elevated in the plasma following heart muscle damage

57
Q

electrode

A

a device for conducting electricity

58
Q

electromyography

A

recording of electrical activity in the muscle

59
Q

enzyme

A

protein that induces change in other substances

60
Q

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

the speed at which red blood cells sink from drawn blood

61
Q

inflammation

A

a basic complex of reactions in blood vessels and adjacent tissues in response to injury or abnormal stimulation

62
Q

ultrasonography

A

delineation of deep structures using sound waves

63
Q

anabolic steroid

A

prescription drug used by some athletes to increase muscle mass

64
Q

analgesia

A

state in which pain is reduced

65
Q

analgesic

A

agent that produces analgesia

66
Q

antipyretic

A

agent that reduces fever

67
Q

cytokine

A

a hormone like protein that regulates the intensity of an immune response

68
Q

metabolism

A

the constantly changing physical and chemical processes in the cell

69
Q

metabolite

A

any product of metabolism

70
Q

ultrasound

A

very high frequency sound waves

71
Q

occupational therapy

A

use of work and recreational activities to increase independent function

72
Q

orthotic

A

orthopedic appliance to correct an abnormality

73
Q

physiatry

A

physical medicine

MRI Med Term (5 decks)

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