chapter 15

Question 1

Lincoln’s reconstruction plan

Answer 1

believed southern states had never officially left the union and could be re-established by meeting a minimum test of political loyalty

Question 2

Johnson Reconstruction plan

Answer 2

attempted to carry out Lincoln’s plan, but his policies were met with resistance from congress

Question 3

Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction

Answer 3

1863, this proclamation provided for full presidential pardons to most Confederates who took an oath of allegiance to the Union and accepted the emancipation of salves

Question 4

Wade-Davis bill

Answer 4

1864, this bill proposed more demanding and stringent terms for reconstruction, requiring 50% of voters in a state to take a loyalty oath.

Question 5

Southern Government of 1865

Answer 5

by the end of 1865, 11 ex-confederate states had qualified under Johnson’s reconstruction plan to become functioning parts of the Union. none of the new constitutions extended voting rights to blacks, and former leaders of the confederacy won seats in Congress

Question 6

Black codes

Answer 6

laws passed in the South that restricted freed blacks’ rights:
- prohibited blacks from renting land or borrowing money to buy land
- forced freedmen into a form of semi-bondage by requiring them to sign work contracts
- prohibited blacks from testifying against whites in court.

Question 7

Johnson’s vetoed bills

Answer 7

• a bill increasing the service and protection offered by the Freedman’s Bureau
• a civil rights bill that nullified black codes and guaranteed full citizenship and equal rights to African Americans

Question 8

congressional reconstruction

Answer 8

policies harsher on southern whites and more protective of freed African Americans. the radical Republicans played a key role in this round, championing civil rights for blacks and pushing for more stringent terms for reconstruction.

Question 9

Civil Rights Act of 1866

Answer 9

pronounced all African Americans to be U.S. citizens, repudiating the decision in the Dred Scott case
attempted to provide a legal shield against the operation of the Southern states black codes

Question 10

fourteenth amendment

Answer 10

• required states to uphold the rights of citizens
• produced mixed results in 19th-century courtrooms, but later became a keystone of civil rights for minorities, women, children, disabled persons, and those accused of crimes
• disqualified former Confederate political leaders from holding office
• repudiating the debts of the defeated Confederate government
• penalized states that kept eligible persons from voting by reducing their proportional representation in Congress and the Electoral College

Question 11

election of 1866

Answer 11

republican- overwhelming victory, gaining a two-thirds majority in both the House and the Senate
democratic- defeat with Andrew Johnson’s opponents gaining control of Congress.

Question 12

Impeachment of Andrew Johnson

Question 13

reforms after grants election

Question 14

reconstruction governments

Question 15

African American Legislators

Question 16

republican record

Question 17

sharecropping

Question 18

greed and corruption

Question 19

end of reconstruction

Question 20

KKK

Question 21

Amnesty act of 1872

Question 22

election of 1872

Question 23

compromise of 1877

Question 24

panic of 1873