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Psych 275 - Final > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

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1
Q

Adaptive Hypothesis (sleep)

A

amount of sleep and animal gets is dependant on the availability of food and safety

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2
Q

endogenous rhythms

A

within (even without environmental cues we have a 24hr schedule)

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3
Q

Suprachismatic nucleus (SCN)

A

region of hypothalamus, acts as main biological clock

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4
Q

zeitgebers

A

detect light

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5
Q

melatonin

A

hormone that induces sleep

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6
Q

melatonin control

A

SCN

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7
Q

sleep regulation

A

SCN regulates sleep, signals pineal gland o release melatonin

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8
Q

ultradian rhythms

A

rhythms less then a day in length

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9
Q

ultradian rhythm examples

A

hormone production, unrine

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10
Q

low amp

A

beta waves (alert)

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11
Q

moderate amp

A

alpha waves (drowsy)

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12
Q

Stage 1 (sleep)

A

transition to light sleep (10) (jerks and images)

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13
Q

stage 2

A

deeper sleep (10-25), medium sleep, eye movement stop, (heart rate slows, Brian waves decelerate, body temp decreases, muscle relax)

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14
Q

stage 3 and 4

A

slow wave sleep (30) deep sleep (Delta waves, feeling rested)

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15
Q

Stage 5

A

REM sleep (25-60) paralyzed muscles, vivid dreams

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16
Q

stage 1 waves

A

alpha/beta waves to theyta waves

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17
Q

stage 2 waves

A

sleep spindles (1-2 sec. rapid Brian activity), K-complexes (neural excitation then neural inhibition)

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18
Q

stage 3 and 4 waves

A

Delta waves

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19
Q

stage 5 waves

A

no term looks like beta

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20
Q

Hypothesis 1 (sleep)

A

sleep evolved to conserve organisms energy

21
Q

Hypothesis 2 (sleep)

A

immobilization durning sleep is adaptive because it reduces danger

22
Q

hypothesis 3 (sleep)

A

sleep helps animals to restore energy and other bodily resources

23
Q

functions of slow wave sleep

A

restoration of Brian, if deprived cognitive deficits occur

24
Q

functions of REM sleep

A

forms new memory and skill, consolidates

25
Q

Brianstem arousal centre

A

send activating signals to higher levels of the brain

26
Q

Pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental (PPT/LDT)

A

fire most rapidly during wakefulness and REM sleep (slowly during non REM sleep)

27
Q

ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO)

A

of the hypothalamus (promotes non REM sleep, fast fire during stages 3 and 4, moderate during 2

28
Q

parafacial zone

A

medulla (non rem sleep control)

29
Q

PGO waves

A

high-voltage brain waves that travel from the pons (hindbrain) through the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus to the occipital area (80 sec before REM)

30
Q

sublaterdorsal nucleus (SLD)

A

governs switching in and out of REM sleep (in pons)

31
Q

insomina

A

inhablity to sleep or to obrian adequate-quality sleep to so that the person feels rested

32
Q

sleep walking

A

walking or other behaviours while still mostly asleep

33
Q

sleepwalking triggers

A

alcohol, stress, seep deprivation

34
Q

insomina causes

A

stress, screen time, withdrawal (benzodiazaphine), combidity (w/ other mental illness

35
Q

Narcolepsy

A

individuals fall asleep suddenly durning the daytime and go directly into REM (not enough orexin) (body stays up right)

36
Q

Cataplexy

A

sudden experience o one compnenet of REm sleep (antoia) and falls to the floor paralyzed but fully awake)

37
Q

REM sleep Behavior disorder

A

individuals are uncharacteristically active during rem sleep (injuring themselves or partners)

38
Q

consciousness

A

awarness, short-term memory, sense of self, spectrum

39
Q

Consciousness network

A

no single structure, central lateral thalamius and anterior insular cortex (AIC) appear to be involved. salience network, central executive network

40
Q

salience network

A

group of brain region that detects significant stimuli that require attention (includes AIC, and anterior cingulate cortex)

41
Q

central executive network

A

group of brain regions that control attention and working memory

42
Q

awareness (aware of world)

A

lateral prefontoal cortex and posterior partietal cortex become active

43
Q

awareness (unaware of world - not consciously aware)

A

only visual cortex active

44
Q

attention

A

the brains means of allocating limited resources by foucising on some neural inputs to the exclusion of others

45
Q

dorsal attention network

A

goal-directed attention (what do I want to pay attention to)

46
Q

ventral attention network

A

stimulus demands (involuntary switch because of environmental needs)

47
Q

agency

A

attribution of an action or effect to ourselves rather than an external force

48
Q

Dissociative identity disorder

A

involves shift in consciences and behaviour that appear to be distinct personalities or self’s

Psych 275 - Final (3 decks)

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