Chapter 15 Flashcards
What is very important to inform the mother on when carrying for a periconception baby period?
Nutrition & embryogensis
What is the acid that’s mainly used or worried for during periconcpetion period?
Folic acid ( folate )
Folate (vitamin b9) can be found where?
Naturally in foods
Folic acid can be found where ?
Grain products & supplements
What type of conditions are mainly found in infants of women with poor folic acid intake?
Neural tube defects can occur with poor intake
Spins bifida and anencephaly
So while many woman don’t know there pregnant and in most vital times of pregnancy ( embryogenesis) it’s important to always entourage an intake of how much of folic acid?
0.4mg of folic acid daily
What are some examples of folate found in food?
Chicken liver
Turkey liver
Peas
Beans
Broccoli
Asparagus
At what point during the weight( over or under) does maternal fetal risk become more apparent?
When pregnancy is beginning
The average woman should gain ?
The average underweight ?
The average overweight ?
The average obese ?
25-35
28-40
15-25
11-20
What is a commonly used method to evaluate weight for height?
BMI ( body mass index )
Weight * height ^2 = BMI
What is low weight
Average
Overweight / Obese
18.5-24.9
25-29.9
30LBS
During the first trimester, woman tend to not eat as much, however in the second to third and end of the pregnancy, why do you think it’ increases?
Due to rapid fetal growth and energy needed
What has been established for the people of the United States and canada to help with food?
Dietary reference intakes
How is energy ( kilocalories ) met ? (3)
Carbohydrates
Fat
Protein
Energy kilocalories intake all depends on what?
The woman’s BMI, activity level, age and stage of pregnancy
1st and 2nd trimester ; where is the weight gain coming from or who is it in?
Mom
( placenta, amniotic fluid )
3rd trimester, where is the weight gain coming from?
Fetus
Most under weight patients tend to lead to?
Pre term labor
Small for gestational age
Most over weight tend to lead to what in pregnancy?
Miscarriage
Birth defects !!!
Still birth !!!
Abnormal fetal growth !!!
We always want avoid high levels of ?
Why?
Examples of it?
Notes no more than 6oz of fish, and white tuna, 12oz of shrimp salmon
Mercury
Because it caused neurological damange
Shark, sword fish, mackerel
Why is the reason we want to avoid mercury ?
Because of viruses and diseases
E.coli
Salmonella
Listeriosis
Toxoplasmosis
Brucellosis
However it’s always super important to note that the previous information about seafood, is that?
No pregnant people are also still at risk to getting these viruses and diseases too( no matter what )
We also recommend to not eat what type of milk and cheese ?
( same thing to always cook everything ! )
( don’t eat deli meat, heat it up first!!!! Cause it’s a high risk of listeriosis )
Unpasteurized
What is toxoplasmosis?
A bacterial you get when cleaning up litter
( always clean up with gloves, masks or avoid at all cost )
Is there a safe level of alcohol in pregnancy?
NONEEE!!!!! !! NO DRINK!!!
We also don’t recommend the drinks of ?? (2)
Caffeine and artificial sweeteners
( it’s isn’t good when not pregnant and just doesn’t seem that good during pregnant )
What does pica mean?
Non editable food craving
Pregnant people need more hydration than they think?
Yes!!! Double it
What are two programs to help mom with financial resources?
SNAP
WIC
