Chapter 15 Flashcards
how to calculate a BMI
BMI= Kg/M2
underweight in pregnancy can cause
preterm labor
small for gestational age baby
intrauterine growth restirction
overweight in pregnancy can cause
pre-eclampisa gestational diabetes infections birth trauma stillbirth
calcium sources equivalent to 1c. milk
3 oz can sardines 3c cooked dried beans 2.5c refried beans 2c baked beans with molasses 1 c tofu 1c collards 1.5c kale or turnip greens 3 pieces corn bread 4 slices french toast 2 waffles 11 dried figs
women who are vegans and who do not drink soy milk should supplement their diets with
4mg vitamin B12, 1200mg calcium, and 10mg Vitamin D
foods to avoid during pregnancy
high mercury fish (shark, swordfish, king mackerel, tuna (especially albacore)
undercooked or raw fish (especially raw fish, shellfish)
undercooked, raw or processed meat
raw eggs
foods that contain raw eggs (homemade ceaser dressing)
organ meats
caffeine (limit to less than 200mg per day, about 2-3 cups of coffee)
raw sprouts
unwashed produce
unpasteurized milk, cheese and fruit juice
alcohol
which prenatal lab test is an evaluation of maternal nutrition?
hemoglobin and hematocrit
what are the best food sources of folate?
animal liver (chicken, turkey, goose, lamb, beef, or veal)
enriched cooked rice
fortified ready to eat cereal
iron supplementation
27-30 mg daily starting at 12 weeks
what increased iron absorption?
vitamin c (citrus fruits, tomatoes, melons, strawberries) and heme iron in meats
what decreases iron absorption?
bran, teas, coffee, milk, oxalates (spinach, swiss chard), egg yolks and antacids
what is the best way to take iron?
on an empty stomach, and at bedtime if it causes abdominal discomfort
what is a common side effect of iron? and important safety information
constipation, increase fluids and fiber
keep out of reach of children
may cause black or tarry stools
