Chapter 14 Vocabulary - Social Psychology Flashcards
Fundamental Attribution Error
theory that we overestimate the influence the influence of personality and we underestimate the influence of the situation
Foot in The Door Phenomenon
you ask for little amounts, so they don’t think it is a lot at one time
Cognitive Dissonance
occurs when we change our behavior to match the situation (we know we would never do it any other situation, but we have to here)
InGroup
the group/people we associate with
OutGroup
the group/people that are not in our group
Conformity
Go along with what everyone else it doing; complying with the standard/norm (ex: Solomon Ash stick experiment)
Unanimity
you say what every one else says even though you think differently because you do not want to be the only one to say something different
Normative Social Influence
It is one form of conformity. It is the influence of other people that leads us to conform in order to be liked or accepted by them.
Informational Social Influence
people assume the actions of others reflect correct behavior for a given situation; people are unable to determine the appropriate mode of behavior, and assume that surrounding people possess more knowledge about the situation (assume those around them are right)
Social Facilitation
Improved performance in the presence of others
Social Loafing
people exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when they work alone
Deindividuation
loss of sense of self/lose of identity; the social phenomenon in which people are more likely to behave irrationally and antisocially because they are less likely to be personally identified (ex: throwing the gold bar)
Groupthink
The practice of thinking or making decisions as a group in a way that discourages creativity or individual responsibility
Scapegoat
Blaming someone else (whether they really did it or not)
Availability Heuristic
something that has happened in the past and you feel like it is more common to happen again; mental shortcut that involves basing judgements on information and examples that immediately spring to mind.
Frustration Aggression Hypothesis
in situations when someone is more frustrated, their aggression levels are more likely to increase (the more frustrated they are, the most aggressive they get)
Just-World Phenomenon
the tendency of people to believe the world is just, and people get what they deserve and deserve what they get
Contact Theory
contact between antagonistic groups will reduce hostility if groups work toward subordinate goals
Aggression
is any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.
Instrumental Aggression
Act is a means to gain something; premeditated; intended to hurt the other person
Hostile Aggression
Is emotional and impulsive; happens at the heat of the moment; typically in response to pain or stress
Social Scripts
society’s norms of behavior (sometimes we justify these social scripts (b/c we think is it more of a norm) - we become desensitized)
Desensitized
Make (someone) less likely to feel shock or distress at scenes of cruelty, violence, or suffering by overexposure to such images (because we see them so often - video games, tv, movies - it has somewhat become a norm)
Mere Exposure Effect
The Phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel (new) stimuli increases liking of them (the more you see someone, the more you like them; the more you listen to a certain song, the more you like it)
The Halo Effect
In society, attractive people tend to be (are thought to be) more intelligent, better adjusted, and more popular
Passionate Love
an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship (ex: at the beginning, getting butterflies)
Companionate Love
a deep, affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined (is not necessarily just with your spouse, it could also be with a close family member or friend)
Self-Disclosure
Revealing intimate aspects of ourselves to another person
