Chapter 14: Therapies

Question 1

Therapy:

Answer 1

Techniques that are used to help people with psychological or interpersonal problems.

Question 2

Psychotherapy VS Biomedical Therapy:

Answer 2

1. Psychotherapy: The use of psychological principles and techniques to treat mental health disorders.
2. Biomedical Therapy: The use of medications or other medical interventions to treat mental health disorders.
3. Both approaches are supported by substantial research.

Question 3

Who is qualified to give therapy?

Answer 3

1. Trained professionals: Psychologists, psychoanalysts, licensed counselors or social workers, and marital or family therapists.
2. Master’s Degree is the minimum education requirement, and many require doctorate level degrees.
3. Only licensed psychiatrists or other medical doctors can prescribe and administer biomedical therapies.

Question 4

Ethical Standards for Psychotherapists:

Answer 4

4 principle ethical principles:

a. Competent Treatment
b. Informed Consent
c. Confidentiality
d. Appropriate Interactions

Question 5

Psychoanalysis:

Answer 5

A method of therapy formulated by Freud that focuses on uncovering unconscious conflicts that drive maladaptive behavior.

Question 6

Traditional Psychoanalysis includes:

Answer 6

1. Free Association: A technique in psychoanalysis in which the client says whatever comes to mind.
2. Dream Analysis: A technique in psychoanalysis in which the therapist examines the hidden symbols in a client’s dreams.
3. Interpretations: The psychoanalyst’s view on the themes and issues that may be influencing the client’s behavior.
4. Resistance: A process in psychoanalysis whereby the client behaves in such a way as to deny or avoid sensitive issues.
5. Transference: A process in psychoanalysis in which the client unconsciously reacts as if the therapist were a parent, friend, sibling, or romantic partner.

Question 7

Modern Psychoanalysis:

Answer 7

1. Psychodynamic Therapy: Modern psychoanalysis delivered in a shorter time that focuses less on the clients past and more on current problems and the nature of interpersonal relationships.

Question 8

The Aim of the Humanistic Therapy Approaches:

Answer 8

1. Focuses more on the conscious actions we take in controlling our behavior.
2. Humanists believe behavior is driven by how we interpret the world our awareness of our feelings.
3. Humanism assumes that people will naturally strive towards personal growth and achievement of their full potential when raised in a positive and accepting environment.

Question 9

Client Centered Therapy:

Answer 9

A humanistic psychotherapy approach formulated by Carl Rogers that emphasizes the use of empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard to help the client reach his or her potential.

Question 10

Empathy:

Answer 10

The ability of a therapist to understand a client’s feelings and thoughts without being judgmental.

Question 11

Genuineness:

Answer 11

The ability of a therapist to openly share his or her thoughts and feelings with a client.

Question 12

Unconditional Positive Regard:

Answer 12

The ability of a therapist to accept and value a person for who he or she is, regardless of his or her faults or problems.

Question 13

Behavior Therapy:

Answer 13

Therapy that applies the principle of classical conditioning to help people change maladaptive behaviors.

Question 14

Systematic Desensitization:

Answer 14

A behavior therapy technique that uses a gradual, step-by-step process to replace fear or anxiety with an incompatible response of relaxation and positive emotion.

Question 15

Anxiety Hierarchy:

Answer 15

A list that orders, according to the degree of fear, the situations or items that trigger anxiety; the list starts with the least frightening images and progresses to the most distressing.