Chapter 14: the citric acid cycle Flashcards

1
Q

The substrates and products of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) reaction

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2
Q

What type of reaction the PDC reaction is

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3
Q

Where in the cell the PDC reaction occurs?

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4
Q

What metabolic pathways are linked by the PDC reaction?

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5
Q

The names of the five cofactors required by PDC

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6
Q

Which coenzymes are catalytic and why they are called like that

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7
Q

Which coenzymes are co-substrates and why they are called like that

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8
Q

What is going on in the 5 steps of the PDC reaction

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9
Q

Role of FAD in the PDC reaction

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10
Q

Role of NAD+ in the PDC reaction

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11
Q

What are the effects of acetyl-CoA and NADH in the activity of PDC?

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12
Q

Other names of the citric acid cycle

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13
Q

Compound that feeds the cycle, where it does come from and what happens to it in the cycle

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14
Q

The energy products of the cycle

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15
Q

Type of reaction for each step of the cycle and understand what’s going on in each step

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Reaction 1:
Reaction 2:
Reaction 3: CO2 is lost. This reaction is a oxidative decarboxylation. The secondary alcohol is being converted to a ketone. The substrate is oxidized and NAD+ is reducied to NADH.
Reaction 4: Another example of oxidative decarboxylation. It is thel loss of 2nd CO2. The oxidation is taking place in the carbon and it is becoming a sulfur. This is the second reaction that froms NADH.
Reaction 5: “substrate level” phosphorylation of GDP. Known as this when ATP is not used. Forming energy in thr form of GDP.
Reaction 6: oxidation of substrate generates QH2 (uniquinol)
Reactoin 7: Hydration of substrate. The additon of water across the double bond.
Reaction 8: Oxidation of malate regenerating oxalocetate.

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16
Q

The regulatory steps of the cycle and their characteristics

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All regulatory steps are large and negative **Double check
**Regulation of cycle occurs at the 3 irreversible steps

17
Q

What is major inhibitor and activator of the cycle?

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Major inhibitor NADH. It will act on the three enzymes

18
Q

Citric acid intermediates that can be used as precursors of other compounds

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19
Q

Examples of compounds that can be synthesized from intermediates of the cycle

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20
Q

How can citrate be taken out of the mitochondria and what is it taken out for?

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21
Q

What is meant by anaplerotic reactions of the citric acid cycle?

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