Chapter 14 Terms

Question 1

Incremental Backup

Answer 1

A backup in which only data that has changed since the last full or incremental backup is copied to a storage medium. After backing up files, it unchecks the archive bit for every file it has saved.

Question 2

GFS (backup scheme)

Answer 2

A backup rotation scheme that uses daily (son), weekly (father), and monthly (grandfather) backup sets.

Question 3

UPS

Answer 3

A battery-operated power source directly attached to one or more devices and to a power supply that prevents undesired features of the power source from harming the device or interrupting its services.

Question 4

NAS

Answer 4

A device or set of devices attached to a client/server network, dedicated to providing highly fault-tolerant access to large quantities of data.

Question 5

Cold Spare

Answer 5

A duplicate component that is not installed but can be installed in case of a failure.

Question 6

Mirroring

Answer 6

A fault-tolerance technique in which one component or device duplicates the activity of another.

Question 7

Clustering

Answer 7

A fault-tolerance technique that links multiple servers to act as a single server in order to share processing duties and appear as a single server to users. If one server fails, the other servers automatically take over the data transaction and storage responsibilities.

Question 8

Archive Bit

Answer 8

A file attribute that can be set to ON or OFF to indicate whether the file needs to be backed up.

Question 9

Array

Answer 9

A group of hard disks.

Question 10

Cold Site

Answer 10

A place where the computers, devices, and connectivity necessary to rebuild a network exist, but are not appropriately configured, updated, or connected to match the network’s current state.

Question 11

Trojan

Answer 11

A program that disguises itself as something useful, but actually harms your system.

Question 12

Bot

Answer 12

A program that runs automatically and often spreads viruses or other malicious codes.

Question 13

CARP

Answer 13

A protocol that allows a pool of computers or interfaces to share one or more IP addresses. It improves availability and can contribute to load balancing among several devices.

Question 14

RAID

Answer 14

A server redundancy measure that uses shared multiple physical or logical hard disks to ensure data integrity and availability.

Question 15

Differential backup

Answer 15

A type of backup method in which only data that has changed since the last full or incremental backup is copied to a storage medium and in which that same information is marked for subsequent backup, regardless of whether it has changed.

Question 16

Worm

Answer 16

An unwanted program that travels between computers and across networks. Although it does not alter programs as viruses do, it can carry viruses.

Question 17

Failover

Answer 17

The capability for one component (such as a NIC or server) to assume another component’s responsibilities without manual intervention.

Question 18

Fault Tolerance

Answer 18

The capacity for a system to continue performing despite an unexpected hardware or software malfunction.

Question 19

Redundancy

Answer 19

The use of more than one identical component, device, or connection for storing, processing, or transporting data. It is the most common method of achieving fault tolerance.