Chapter 14 Social Movements

Question 1

Ongoing, large-scale, collective efforts to bring about (or resist) social change

Answer 1

Social Movements

Question 2

A social movement that seeks to reform existing social arrangements and try out new ways of cooperating and living together.

Answer 2

Offensive/ proactive social movements

Question 3

A social movement that seeks to defend traditional values and social arrangements

Answer 3

Reactive/defensive Social movement

Question 4

SMs develop in response to some form of strain in society, when people’s efforts to cope become collective efforts
Research shows this is necessary, but not sufficient to predict social movements

Answer 4

Strain theory

Question 5

Social institutions benefit elites and disadvantage others
Elites have routine access to political channels
Power disparities make it hard to challenge institutions
Institutions are, at certain times, more vulnerable to challenge by groups with little power

Answer 5

Political Opportunities Perspective

Question 6

Social movement leaders must
Seek out and mobilize needed resources (people, money, ideas, skills, information)
Social movements have no influence without effective organization

Answer 6

Mobilizing Structures Perspective

Question 7

SMs succeed only when participants develop shared understandings and definitions
Cultural frames are “metaphors, symbols, and cues that cast issues in a particular light and suggest possible ways to respond”
Attempt to “resonate” with audiences including media, elites, sympathetic allies, and potential recruits—while being sensitive to critics

Answer 7

Cultural Framing Perspective

Question 8

Movement begins ill defined, weakly organized, and becomes larger, less spontaneous, better organized
3 basic processes
Institutionalization: becomes its own organization or part of another
Encapsulation: direct activities inward (labor unions)
Factionalization: fall apart, sometimes into competing factions

Answer 8

Life Course of social movements