Chapter 14 Section 1: The Allied Response Flashcards
Why did the British want to control North Africa?
They wanted to protect the Suez Canal so they would have access to it.
What was the combined German and Italian force in North Africa known as?
The Afrika Korps
Why did the British want control of North Africa?
They wanted to protect the Suez Canal so they could have access to oil.
What was the combined German and Italian force in North Africa known as?
the Afrika Korps
Who was the German general in charge of the German and Italian force in North Africa? What was his nickname?
Erwin Rommel, the Desert Fox
What key battle took place in Egypt in October 1942?
The Battle of El Alamen
What was the result of this battle?
The Allies gained control of North Africa
What was the invasion of North Africa known as?
It was known as Operation Torch.
Who lead this invasion?
Eisenhower
How many Axis soldiers were taken prisoner following their surrender in May 1943?
about 250,000
When did the Allies invade Sicily? What also happened in this month?
July 1943, the same month Mussiolini was forced to step out of power
When did the Allies invade southern Italy?
September 1943
A military blockade designed to force the place to surrender is called a…
siege
How long did the Siege of Leningrad last?
900 days
How many civilians died during the Siege of Leningrad?
1 million
Was Hitler able to capture Leningrad?
No
Why did Hitler want to take the city of Stalingrad?
It was large and manufactured a lot of weapons.
Who lead the Soviet defense of Stalingrad?
George Zhukou
Who won the Battle of Stalingrad?
the Soviets
How many Soviet soldiers died during the Battle of Stalingrad?
500,000 to 1 million
How many Axis soldiers were taken prisoner? How many were killed?
90,000 , 500,000
What did the German army do following the Battle of Stalingrad?
They retreated to the west.
What advantages did Japan have over the Allies in the early Pacific battles?
They had a stronger military and were close to home.
Who was the general in charge of the Philippines?
Douglas Macarthur
Where did the 70,000 troops surrender in April 1942?
On the Balaan Peninsula
What followed this surrender?
The Japanese lead them on the Balaan Death March.
What conditions did the prisoners face during this?
They faced hunger, starvation, beating, exhaustion, and malnutrition.
What was the result of the Battle of the Coral Sea?
The Americans had an advantage on the Japanese.
Why did Japan want to capture the island of Midway?
It was home to a key American base.
What advantage did the United States have in the Battle of Midway?
They knew the date and location of the attack.
What was the result of the Battle of Midway?
It changed the balance in the Pacific.
Describe the strategy of “island hopping.”
The Japanese would capture weaker islands and use them as bases for other attacks.
What challenges sis both sides face during the Battle of Guadacanal?
They both suffered many casualties.
What was the result of the Battle of Guadacanal?
They moved the Allies closer to Japan.
Who lead the Allies in their attempt to retake the Philippines?
General Macarthur
What was the significance of the Battle of Leyte Gulf?
Japan’s navy was virtually destroyed.
What are kamikazes?
They are planes that would deliberately crash into Allied ships.
Were the Allies successful in their attempt to retake the Philippines?
Yes
How was the situation in the Pacific different at the end of 1944 from when it had started?
The Allies had retaken back the Philippines and moved closer to Japan.
