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Materials > Chapter 14 - Nonferrous Alloys > Flashcards

Chapter 14 - Nonferrous Alloys Flashcards

1
Q

Blister copper

A

An impure form of copper obtained during the copper refining process

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2
Q

Brass

A

A group of copper-based alloys, normally containing zinc as the major alloying element

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3
Q

Bronze

A

Generally, copper alloys containing tin, but can contain other elements

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4
Q

Castability

A

The ease with which a metal can be poured into a mold to make a casting without producing
defects or requiring unusual or expensive techniques to prevent casting problems.

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5
Q

Fluidity

A

The ability of liquid metal to fill a mold cavity without prematurely freezing

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6
Q

Monel

A

The copper-nickel alloy, containing approximately 60% Ni, that gives the maximum strength
in the binary alloy system.

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7
Q

Nonferrous alloy

A

An alloy based on some metal other than iron

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8
Q

Refractory metals

A

Metals having a melting temperature above 1925°C

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9
Q

Specific strength

A

The ratio of strength to density. Also called the strength-to-weight ratio

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10
Q

Superalloys

A

A group of nickel, iron-nickel, and cobalt-based alloys that have exceptional heat
resistance, creep resistance, and corrosion resistance.

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11
Q

Temper designation

A

A shorthand notation using letters and numbers to describe the processing
of an alloy. H tempers refer to cold-worked alloys; T tempers refer to age-hardening treatments

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12
Q

Wrought alloys

A

Alloys that are shaped by a deformation process

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13
Q

Aluminum has a density of

A

1/3 of steel

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14
Q

Although aluminum alloys have lower tensile properties than steel their specific strength (or strength-to-weight ratio) is…

A

excellent.

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15
Q

Aluminum can be formed

____

A

easily

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16
Q

Aluminum has (3 points)

A

high thermal and electrical conductivity, and does not show a ductile-to-brittle
transition at low temperatures

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17
Q

Aluminum is It is ________ and can be recycled with only about __ of the energy that was needed to make it from alumina

A

nontoxic, 5%

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18
Q

Aluminum’s beneficial physical properties incluse (3 points)

A

include its nonferromagnetic

behavior and resistance to oxidation and corrosion

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19
Q

Aluminum does not

display a true _______ ___

A

endurance limit,

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20
Q

aluminum has a _____ melting temp

A

low

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21
Q

Aluminum alloys can be divided into two major groups

A

wrought

and casting alloys

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22
Q

Within each major group of aluminum, we can divide the alloys into two subgroups:

A

heat-treatable and

non heat-treatable alloys

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23
Q

The degree of strengthening is given by the

A

temper designation T or H

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24
Q

temper designation T means

A

heat treated

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25
Q

temper designation H means

A

strain hardened

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26
Q

The numbers following the T or H indicate the amount of _____ ______

A

strain hardening

27
Q

The 1xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx, and most of the 4xxx wrought alloys

are

A

not age hardenable

28
Q

The 1xxx and 3xxx alloys are

A

single-phase alloys

29
Q

The 1xxx and 3xxx properties are controlled (3 points)

A

strain hardening, solid-solution strengthening, and grain-size
control.

30
Q

Because the solubilities of the alloying elements in aluminum are small at room
temperature, the degree of ____ _____ _____ ___ _____

A

solid-solution strengthening is limited

31
Q

The aluminum-magnesium

alloys are strengthened by a fine dispersion of Mg2Al3, as well as by (3 points)

A

strain hardening,

solid-solution strengthening, and grain-size control.

32
Q

Because Mg2Al3 is not coherent

A

agehardening

treatments are not possible.

33
Q

Alloys that contain both silicon and magnesium

can be

A

age hardened

34
Q

Many of the common aluminum casting alloys contain enough silicon to cause

A

the eutectic reaction

35
Q

The the eutectic reaction gives the alloys (3 points)

A

low melting

points, good fluidity, and good castability.

36
Q

The properties of the aluminum-silicon alloys are controlled (3 points)

A

solid-solution
strengthening of the aluminum matrix, dispersion strengthening by the phase, and
solidification, which controls the primary grain size and shape as well as the nature of the
eutectic microconstituent.

37
Q

Fast cooling obtained in die casting or permanent mold casting
(Chapter 9) increases strength by….. (2 points)

A

by refining grain size and the eutectic microconstituent

38
Q

Magnesium has a ___ structure

A

HCP

39
Q

Magnesium is ____ ____ than aluminum

A

less ductile

40
Q

alloying

increases the number of

A

active slip planes

41
Q

Some deformation and strain hardening
can be accomplished at room temperature, and the alloys can be readily deformed at elevated
temperatures. (Aluminum, magnesium, Beryllium, copper, nickel, or cobalt?)

A

magnesium

42
Q

the solubility of alloying elements in magnesium at room

temperature is ________

A

limited

43
Q

the solubility of alloying elements in magnesium at room

temperature is limited, this means

A

only a small degree of solid-solution strengthening.

44
Q

magnesium alloys may be strengthened by either (2 points)

A

dispersion

strengthening or age hardening

45
Q

Beryllium is _____ than aluminum

A

lighter

46
Q

Beryllium is _____ than steel

A

stiffer

47
Q

Beryllium (4 points)

A

is

expensive, brittle, reactive, and toxic

48
Q

Copper-based alloys have _____ densities than steels

A

higher

49
Q

yield strength

of some Copper-based alloys is ____,

A

high

50
Q

Copper-based alloys specific strength is typically less than that of ______ or
_________ alloys.

A

aluminum, magnesium

51
Q

Copper-based alloys have better (3 points) than the

lightweight aluminum and magnesium alloys

A

resistance to fatigue, creep, and wear

52
Q

The wide variety of _____-_____ alloys takes advantage of all of the strengthening
mechanisms

A

Copper-based alloys

53
Q

Copper containing less than 0.1% impurities is used for (2 points)

A

electrical and microelectronics

applications.

54
Q

The single-phase copper alloys are strengthened

by ____ _____

A

cold working

55
Q

copper has excellent

2 points

A

ductility and a high strain-hardening coefficient.

56
Q

The “light metals” include low-density alloys based (3)

A

aluminum, magnesium, and

beryllium.

57
Q

Aluminum alloys have a ___ specific strength due to their ___ density and,
as a result, find many aerospace applications.

A

high, low

58
Q

Excellent corrosion resistance and electrical

conductivity of ________ also provide for a vast number of applications.

A

aluminum

59
Q

______ and _______ are limited to use at low temperatures because of the loss
of their mechanical properties as a result of overaging or recrystallization.

A

Aluminum and magnesium

60
Q

_________ alloys have intermediate densities and temperature resistance, along with
excellent corrosion resistance, leading to applications in aerospace, chemical processing,
and biomedical devices.

A

Titanium

61
Q

______ and ______ alloys, including superalloys, provide good properties at even higher
temperatures.

A

Nickel and cobalt

62
Q

Combined with their good corrosion resistance, these alloys find many
applications in aircraft engines and chemical processing equipment. what are these?

A

Nickel and cobalt alloys

63
Q

Superalloys retain (2)

A

Retain properties to much higher temperatures

–Retain corrosion resistance at high temperature

64
Q

Refractory metals have the ___ crystal structure and display a ductile-to-brittle transition temperature.

A

BCC

Materials (8 decks)

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