Chapter 14: Marijuana

Question 1

Marijuana is produced from _____

Answer 1

flowering hemp (Cannabis sativa)

Question 2

Cannabis plants 
70 unique compounds known as \_\_\_\_\_
More than 400 other identified compounds.
Psychoactive compounds:
Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
Canabinol (CBN)
Canabidiol (CBD)

Answer 2

cannabinoids

Question 3

Marijuana potency (in terms of THC content)….

Answer 3

varies widely

Genetic strain has a factor

Question 4

_____ of the female plant has the active ingredient

Answer 4

Top

Question 5

What is hashish?

Answer 5

Oily resin (cannabis) that is extracted from leaves and can be smoked or eaten
More purified form

Question 6

Alcoholic extract. A drop is placed on a tobacco or marijuana cigarette

Answer 6

Hash oil

Question 7

THC absorbed by the lungs, blood plasma levels rise quickly.

Answer 7

Inhalation

Question 8

Blood THC levels _____ after smoking marijuana

Answer 8

decline rapidly

Question 9

THC is metabolized in

Answer 9

Liver

Question 10

THC storage in _____

_____ for metabolites to clear

Answer 10

fat tissue; 2 weeks

Question 11

A cannabinoid receptor in the CNS was identified in _____.

Answer 11

1988

Question 12

THC isolated in

Answer 12

1964

Question 13

Two types of cannabinoid receptors

Answer 13

CB1 and CB2
CB1 - CNS
CB2 - Immune system, bone, fat cells, GI tract

Question 14

Cannabinoid receptors are

Answer 14

Metabotropic

Question 15

CB receptors work via

Answer 15

G-proteins:

1. Inhibition of cAMP formation
2. Inhibition of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels
3. Opening K+ channels.

Question 16

CB1 receptors are located on

Answer 16

Axon terminals (presynaptic)
Inhibit release of many NTs

Question 17

Cannabinoids inhibit the induction of

Answer 17

LTP in hippocampus area

Question 18

Endocannabinoids are _____ and highly _____

carry information from _____ to _____

Answer 18

retrograde messengers and highly lipid soluble; postsynaptic to presynaptic.

Question 19

Synthetic THC used to treat nausea and emesis in cancer chemotherapy patients.

Answer 19

Dronabinol (Marinol) & nabilone (Cesamet)

Question 20

Cannabis extract used to treat pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis patients (in UK)
Trials to treat cannabis withdrawal and dependence.

Answer 20

Nabiximols (Sativex)

Question 21

CB1 receptor

Answer 21

Rimonabant

Question 22

Two types of tolerance that marijuana has

Answer 22

Cognitive and behavioral

Question 23

Mesolimbic DA completely blocked by

Answer 23

Rimonabant

Question 24

Opioid agonists _____ cannabinoid self-administration

Answer 24

enhance

Question 25

Opioid antagonists _____ cannabinoid self-administration

Answer 25

reduce

Question 26

In men:
Regular smoking \_\_\_\_\_ testosterone levels and sperm counts.
In women:
Smoking during pregnancy: 
Causes

Answer 26

decreases; Cognitive deficits, poor school achievement and Increased risk for tobacco and/or marijuana use later in life

Question 27

Chronic use of cannabis: Reproductively

Answer 27

Supresses release of LH

Question 28

Chronic use of cannabis: Immune effects

Answer 28

THC impairs resistance to bacterial and viral infections under controlled experimental conditions

Question 29

Heavy use of cannabis indicates risk of

Answer 29

psychosis