Chapter 14 (Lawns) Flashcards
Number & range of species in cultivated areas. Higher amounts of his is typically associated with the robustness of a farming system & its ability to withstand weather & disease
Agrodiversity
Process where water bodies (& sometimes soils or habitats) become very high in nutrients, resulting gin frequent algae blooms, swings in dissolved oxygen concentrations, & overall degradation
Eutrophication
Single crop cultivated to the exclusion of any other potential species or harvest
Monoculture
Urban heat island effect
Warming of cities that occurs through the absorption & re-radiation of heat from buildings & sidewalks. Vegetation in urban areas reduces this effect
The path along which raw materials are turned into finished products & eventually consumed, with each link or node in the chain being a site for increasing added value & opportunity for profit
Commodity Chain
Condition in the economy where capital becomes concentrated in very few wealthy hands or firms causing economic slowdown & potential socioeconomic crisis
Strategy to increase demand for products or services by reaching consumer directly & convincing them they have a previously unknown need or problem that can be solved by a specific product
Tendency of capitalism to temporarily solve its inevitable periodic crisis by establishing new markets, new resources, & new sites of production in other places
Spatial Fix
When were lawns domesticated & from where?
Domesticated 1000s of years ago. Brought to Americas for livestock during 17th & 18th centuries as part of Colombian exchange
Cause of monoculural lawn
Suburbanization following WWII, larger front & back yards; development of lawn care machinery, chemical controls, & nutrient outputs
Socioeconomic benefits obtained by users tied to maintaining lawns
Enhanced property values & social status; good lawn = good neighbor, citizen, caring citizen
