Chapter 14. Hydrocarbons

Question 1

Differentiating alkanes from alkenes

Answer 1

Electrophilic addition of Br₂ to the alkene, without UV light will decolorize it but with an alkane it will remain brown

Question 2

Hydration of alkenes

Answer 2

Steam, 300⁰C, 60atm, phosphoric acid catalyst to form an alcohol, its a reversible reaction

Question 3

Hydrogenation of alkenes

Answer 3

Nickel catalyst, electrophilic addition of H₂ to an alkene to form an alkane

Question 4

Alkene to halogenoalkane

Answer 4

Electrophilic addition of a hydrogen halide to the alkene

Question 5

Oxidation of alkenes

Answer 5

-Alkene + water + [O]cold, dilute acidified manganate(VII) ions –> diol
-Hot concentrated may form two carbonyl groups so aldehyde/ketone