Chapter 14 - Asexual And Sexual Reproduction Flashcards
What is Asexual reproduction?
A process which results in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent
What are some examples of asexual reproduction?
Binary fission in bacteria
Budding in yeast
Runners in plant
Potato tubers
How are potatoes formed from tubers?
The parent plant produces underground stems eventually forming tubers ( seed potatoes )
Sucrose is transported to the underground stems through the phloem in translocation
Sucrose is converted to starch and the stem swells to form a tuber
What is a haploid nucleus?
A nucleus containing only 1 set of chromosomes
What is a diploid nucleus?
A nucleus containing 2 complete sets of chromosomes
What is fertilisation?
The fusion of gamete nuclei
What does it mean when a flower is a hermaphrodite?
It means that flower contains both the male and female reproductive organs
What is the function of the sepal?
To protect the unopened flower
What is the function of the petals?
To attract insects in insect-pollinated flowers
What is the function of the anther?
To produce male gametes in pollen
What is the function of the stigma?
Collects pollen from pollinators or wind
What is the function of the ovary?
To produce the female gametes in ovules
What is pollination?
The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to a stigma
What is self-pollination?
The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to the stigma on the same flower or another flower on the same plant
What is cross-pollination?
The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to the stigma of a flower on a different plant of the same species