chapter 14 and 15 test

Question 1

an explanation of how the particles in gases behave

Answer 1

kinetic theory

Question 2

temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid

Answer 2

melting point

Question 3

energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point

Answer 3

heat of fusion

Question 4

temperature at which the pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid

Answer 4

boiling point

Question 5

amount of energy required for the liquid at its boiling point to become a gas

Answer 5

heat of vaporization

Question 6

process of a solid changing directly to a gas without forming a liquid

Answer 6

sublimation

Question 7

matter that has enough energy to overcome not just the attractive forces between its particles but also the attractive forces within its atoms

Answer 7

plasma

Question 8

an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased

Answer 8

thermal expansion

Question 9

the ability of a fluid- a liquid or gas - to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it

Answer 9

bouyanct

Question 10

force exerted per unit of area

Answer 10

pressure

Question 11

the resistance of a fluid to flowing

Answer 11

viscosity

Question 12

if you decrease the volume of a container of gas and hold the temperature constant, the pressure from the gas will increase

Answer 12

boyles law

Question 13

the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperautre, as long as the pressure on the gas does not change

Answer 13

charles law

Question 14

a type of matter with a fixed composition

Answer 14

substance

Question 15

substance made up of atoms that are all alike

Answer 15

element

Question 16

substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined in a fixed proportion

Answer 16

compound

Question 17

in a mixture in which different materials remain distinct

Answer 17

hetergenous mixture

Question 18

a heterogenous mixture made of a liquid and solid particles that settle

Answer 18

suspension

Question 19

heterogeneous mixture with particles that never settle

Answer 19

colloid

Question 20

the scattering of a light beam as it passes through a colloid

Answer 20

tyndall effect

Question 21

a mixture that remains constantly and uniformly mixed and has particles that are so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope

Answer 21

homogenous mixture

Question 22

is the same thing as homogenous mixture

Answer 22

solution

Question 23

any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substance

Answer 23

physical property

Question 24

a change in size, shape, or state of matter in which the identity of the substance remains the same

Answer 24

physical change

Question 25

the process of separating substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor

Answer 25

distillation

Question 26

any characteristic of a material that you can observe that produces one or more new substances

Answer 26

chemical property

Question 27

a change of one substance to another

Answer 27

chemical change

Question 28

the mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change, known as reactants, equals the mass of all of the substances that remain after the change, which are called products

Answer 28

law of conservation of mass