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Chemistry SAT > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four allotropic forms of Carbon?

A

Diamond, Graphite, amorphous, and fullerenes

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2
Q

Is it true that there was some evidence to suggest that amorphous carbon has some crystalline structure?

A

Yes, there is some evidence

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3
Q

Where are fullerenes form of carbon found?

A

Found in soot that forms when carbon-containing materials are burned with limited oxygen

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4
Q

What is the structure of fullerenes form of carbon?

A

Near-spherical cages, resembling geodesic domes

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5
Q

Describe the structure of diamond

A

it has closely packed crystallines structure that gives the diamond its hardness

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6
Q

In diamonds, carbon is bonded to _____ other carbons in a _______ arrangement

A
  1. Tetrahedron
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7
Q

Are covalent solids hard?

A

yes

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8
Q

What are diamonds melting point?

A

3,550C at ATM

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9
Q

Graphite has _______ _______ bonds that result in its slippery feeling

A

weak, interplanar

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10
Q

Common forms of amorphous carbon include… (4)

A

Charcoal, coke, bone black, and lampblack

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11
Q

Is it possible to create synthetic diamonds

A

Yes by putting carbon under immense pressure and heat

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12
Q

How do you create CO2 in a lab?

A

react Calcium carbonate + Hydrochloric acid (Or any carbonate, or bicarbonate, and any common acid could be used)

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13
Q

How do you test for CO2?

A

Pass it through lime water (Ca(OH)2)

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14
Q

How do you tell if there is CO2 in the lime water test?

A

If the lime water becomes cloudy, then there is CO2 present

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15
Q

CO2 is the acid anhydride of _______.

A

Carbonic acid

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16
Q

What is another name for solid CO2?

A

Dry Ice

17
Q

What is the benefit of Dry ice?

A

It has the advantage of not melting into a liquid (It can absorb 3x as much heat per gram as ice)

18
Q

Why is CO2 used in fire extinguishers?

A

It is 1.5 times heavier compared to air. It does not support normal combustion

19
Q

Plants use CO2 in _______

A

Photosynthesis

20
Q

What is the formula of Photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

21
Q

The electronegativity of Carbon is…

A

2.5

22
Q

Hydrocarbons are compounds containing _______ _______.

A

Hydrogen. Carbon

23
Q

What is an empirical formula?

A

The simpliest formula. Not good for Organic chemistry

24
Q

The _______ formula is used in organic chemistry to indicate how the atoms are arranged in the molecule

A

Structural

25
Q

The formula for the alkane series is…

A

C(n)H(2n+2)

26
Q

What is n in the alkane formula?

A

number of carbons in the molecule

27
Q

As the number of carbons in the alkane series increases, the _______ increases as well

A

Boiling point

28
Q

What are the alkanes referred to as?

A

a homologous series

29
Q

Usually, alkanes are extracted by _______

A

Fractional distillation

30
Q

What are the first 10 Alkanes

A

Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane

31
Q

What is the order of the isomers of the Alkanes (From methane to decane)

A

1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 18, 35, 75

32
Q

What Alkanes are a gas at RT

A

The first four

33
Q

When an Alkane is burned with enough air, _______ and _______ are formed

A

CO2 and H2O

34
Q

When alkanes and halogens react, the resulting product is called a _______

A

Alkyl halides

35
Q

When an alkane hydrocarbon has it’s en hydrogen removed, its name ending changes from _______ to _______

A

ane. yl.

36
Q

How do you name a compound that includes an alkyl and a halide?

A

ou start with the shortened form of the halogen and then the full alkane. (Ex. Bromomethane)

37
Q

What is considered the parent chain in the IUPAC system?

A

The longest carbon chain

Chemistry SAT (5 decks)

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