Chapter 14 Flashcards
Alzheimer’s disease (early/late onset)
A progressive and fatal neurodegenrative disorder that is characterized by deterioration in memory, cognition, and basic self-care skills
Amyloid plates
Found in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease, these deposits of aluminum silicate and abnormal protein (beta amyloid) are believed to cause loss of neurons
Anterograde amnesia
Loss of memory for events that occur following trrauma or shock
APOE-E4 allele
Variant of a gene on chromosome19 that significantly enhances risk for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Functional mental disorders
Outdated term used to refer to disorders that were not considered to have an organic basis
HIV-associated dementia
A progressive brain deterioration that is caused by infection from HIV virus
Huntington’s disease
A rare and fatal degeneration disorder that is manifested in jerking, twitching movements, and mental deterioration. Caused by a dominant gene on chromosome 4.
Neurofibrillary tangles
Twisted and web-like nerve filaments that characterize the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
Organic mental disorders
Outdated term used to refer to disorders that resulted from some indentifiable brain pathology.
Parkinson’s disease
A neurodegenerative disease
Parkinson’s disease
A neurodegenerative disease
Retrograde amnesia
Loss of memory for events that occurred during a circumscribed period prior to brain injury or damage.
Traumatic brain injury (closed penetrating, skull fracture)
Brain damage resulting from motor vehicle crashes, bullets, or other objects entering the brain, and other severe impacts to the head
Vascular dementia
A brain disorder in which a series of small strokes destroys neurons, leading to brain atrophy and behavioral impairments that are similar to Alzheimer’s disease
