Chapter 14 Flashcards
Edwin L. Drake
used a steam engine to drill for oil in Pennsylvania, made removing oil from under earth’s surface practical
Christopher Sholes
invented the typewriter
Pullman
built a factory for manufacturing sleepers and other railroad cars on the Illinois prairie, provided almost all of workers’ basic needs but the town was very strict
Munn v. Illinois
states won the right to regulate the railroads for the benefit of farmers and consumers; federal government regulated private industry to serve the public interest
Interstate Commerce Act
reestablished the right of the federal government to supervise railroad activities and established a five member Interstate Commerce Commission for that purpose
Andrew Carnegie
- steel industry
- became very rich and gave money to build public libraries
- rag to riches story
vertical integration
buy out suppliers to control raw material and transportation system
horizontal integration
companies producing similar products merge, limited competition
Social Darwinism
natural selection weeded out the less-suited individuals and enabled the best-adapted to survive
John D. Rockefeller
- Standard Oil Company
- formed trusts with competing companies
Sherman Antitrust Act
made it illegal to form a trust that interfered with free trade between states or other countries
Samuel Gompers
president of AFL which focused on collective bargaining or negotiation between representatives of labor and management to reach written agreements on wages, hours, and working conditions
Eugene V. Debs
formed the ARU (American Railroad Union) which included skilled and unskilled workers
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW/ Wobblies)
- for unskilled workers
- formed by socialists and radical Unionists
Great Strike of 1877
workers protested their second wage cut, freight and passenger traffic stopped for more than a week
Haymarket Strike
protest police brutality
Pullman Strike
company failed to restore wages or decrease rent after the panic of 1893
Homestead Strike
protest cut wages and Carnegie Steel Company’s Homestead Plant’s horrible working conditions
Marry Harris Jones
supported the Great Strike of 1877 and organized the United Mine Workers of America (UMW)
