Chapter 1.4

Question 1

What are the two questions that need to be asked when evaluating any argument?

Answer 1

Do the premises support the conclusion?

Are all the premises true?

Question 2

What is a valid deductive argument?

Answer 2

it is an argument in which it is impossible for the conclusion to be false given the premises are true

Question 3

What is an invalid deductive argument?

Answer 3

it is an argument in which it is possible for the conclusion to be false given the premises are true

Question 4

What is a sound argument?

Answer 4

it is a deductive argument that is valid and has all true premises

Question 5

What is an unsound argument

Answer 5

It is a deductive argument that is invalid, it either has one or more unsound premise or a possible false conclusion.

Question 6

What is a strong inductive argument?

Answer 6

it is an inductive argument in which it is improbable that the conclusion be false given that the premises are true

Question 7

What is a weak inductive argument

Answer 7

it is an inductive argument in which the conclusion does not follow probably from the premises, even though it is claimed to.

Question 8

What is a cogent argument?

Answer 8

An inductive argument in which the argument is strong abd has all true premises

Question 9

What is an uncogent argument?

Answer 9

it is an inductive argument that is weak, has one or more false premises, fails to meet the total evidence requirement, or any combo of these.

Question 10

What is the total evidence requirement?

Answer 10

The premises must not overlook or exclude some crucial piece of evidence that undermines the stated premises and requires a different conclusion.