Chapter 1.4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two questions that need to be asked when evaluating any argument?

A

Do the premises support the conclusion?

Are all the premises true?

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2
Q

What is a valid deductive argument?

A

it is an argument in which it is impossible for the conclusion to be false given the premises are true

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3
Q

What is an invalid deductive argument?

A

it is an argument in which it is possible for the conclusion to be false given the premises are true

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4
Q

What is a sound argument?

A

it is a deductive argument that is valid and has all true premises

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5
Q

What is an unsound argument

A

It is a deductive argument that is invalid, it either has one or more unsound premise or a possible false conclusion.

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6
Q

What is a strong inductive argument?

A

it is an inductive argument in which it is improbable that the conclusion be false given that the premises are true

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7
Q

What is a weak inductive argument

A

it is an inductive argument in which the conclusion does not follow probably from the premises, even though it is claimed to.

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8
Q

What is a cogent argument?

A

An inductive argument in which the argument is strong abd has all true premises

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9
Q

What is an uncogent argument?

A

it is an inductive argument that is weak, has one or more false premises, fails to meet the total evidence requirement, or any combo of these.

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10
Q

What is the total evidence requirement?

A

The premises must not overlook or exclude some crucial piece of evidence that undermines the stated premises and requires a different conclusion.

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