Chapter 14 Flashcards
The nurse evaluates the hearing acuity of high-frequency sounds. Patient cannot see the nurse’s lips and client is asked to cover one ear. Client is then asked to repeat the phrase heard by the nurse who is standing 1 to 2 ft away. What test is the nurse performing?
Whisper test
When examining the tympanic membrane, the reflection of the light should be visible at ___ -o’clock positioning in the right ear, and ___ -o’clock position in the left ear.
5 o’clock in the right ear, 7 o’clock in the left ear.
The nurse uses a tuning fork to compare air and bone conduction. This test is primarily to evaluate conductive versus perceptive hearing loss. What test is the nurse performing?
Rinne test
The nurse uses bone conduction to evaluate hearing in a person who hears better in one ear than in the other. What test does the nurse need to perform?
Weber test
The nurse needs to assess the patient’s equilibrium. Patient should be able to maintain standing position for 20 seconds with feet together and arms at sides, first with eyes opened and then with eyes closed. What test is the nurse performing?
Romberg test
If the client hears the bone-conducted sound as long as or longer than the air-conducted sound, the client may have some degree of _________
conducted hearing loss
AC
Air conduction - the transmission of sound through tympanic membrane to the cochlea and auditory nerve.
BC
Bone conduction - the transmission of sound through the bones of the skull to the cochlea and auditory nerve
The external portion, or what most people think of as the ear is called the _______ or ______
auricle or pinna
The external large rim of the auricle is called the __________
Helix
The ______ is a stiff projection that protects the anterior meatus of the auditory canal.
Tragus
Clients who may have problems with functioning of the Vestibular Apparatus are unable to:
Unable to maintain balance or needs to have the feet farther apart (performed during the Romberg’s test)
An older-aged patient comes in and complains of a gradual hearing loss. What is this called?
Presbycusis
A patient’s mouth is being examined by a nurse who notices a temporary condition caused by the inhibition of normal bacteria and the overgrowth of fungus on the papillae of the toungue. It is usually associated with the use of antibiotics. What does the patient have?
Black hairy tongue
_______________ A nurse examines a patient’s throat which appears to be red and the tonsils are swollen and covered by white or yellow patches or exudate. Lymph nodes in cervical chain may be enlarged. May be accompanied by a high fever. What does the patient have?
Tonsillitis.
A nurse examines a patients mouth and notices a whitish thickening of the mucous membrane on the tongue. It cannot be scraped off. Most often associated with heavy smoking or drinking, it can be a precancerous condition. What does the patient have?
leukoplakia
A nurse examines a paient’s tympanic membrane using the otoscope. The nurse sees a bluish tinge to the tympanic membrane indicating the presence of blood in the middle ear. it is usually caused by head trauma. What does the patient have?
Hemotympanum
Patient is experiencing an infection of the outer ear, often called “swimmer’s ear.” It causes redness and swelling of the auricle and ear canal. Drainage is usually scanty. It may be accompanied by itching, fever, and enlarged lymph nodes. This patient has _______________________
Otitis Externa
Patient has infection in the middle ear producing a red, bulging eardrum; fever; and hearing loss. The otoscopic examination reveals absent light reflex. It is more common in children, whose auditory tubes are wider, shorter, and more horizontal than those of adults, thus allowing easier access for infections ascending from the pharynx. This patient has _________________
Otitis Media
Patient has a ruptured eardrum due to trauma or infection. During otoscropic inspection, the perforation may be seen as a dark spot on the eardrum. Patient has _______________
Perforation of the Tympanic Membrane
Patient is experiencing a condition in which the eardrum has white patches of scar tissue due to repeated ear infections. This patient has ____________
Scarred Tympanic Membrane
_________ are small white nodules on the helix or antihelix. These nodules contain uric acid crystals and are a sign of gout.
Tophi
_________ are tubes inserted to relieve middle ear pressure and allow drainage from repeated middle ear infections.
Tympanostromy tubes
_________ is inflammation of the sinuses usually following an upper respiratory infection. It causes facial pain, inflammation, and discharge. Fever; chills; frontal headache; or a dull, pulsating pain in the cheeks or teeth.
Sinusitis
Patient has a hole in the septum caused by chronic infection, trauma, or sniffling cocaine. It can be detected by shining a penlight through the naris on the other side. What does the patient have?
Perforated Septum
Patient has a nasal inflammation usually due to a viral infection or allergy. It is accompanied by a watery and often copious discharge, sneezing, mand congestion. What does the patient have?
Rhinitis
______ rhinitis is caused by a virus
Acute Rhinitis
______ rhinitis results from contact with allergens such as pollen and dust.
Allergic Rhinitis
Patient who experiences long-term exposure to loud noise can result in __________.
hearing loss
What jobs put clients at risk for hearing loss?
Jobs at airports, jobs requiring the use of explosives, firearms, jackhammers, or other loud equipment; and jobs in nightclubs. Frequent exposure to loud music, either live or from stereos or headphones can contribute to hearing loss.
__________ are three semicircular canals responsible for the sense of equilibrium
Vestibule
___________ is a spiraling chamber that contains the receptors for hearing
Cochlea
The use of the __________ is used to inspect the auditory canal and the tympanic membrane
otoscope
_____________ should be flat, gray, and translucent with no scars
tympanic membrane
What is anosmia?
the inability to smell, may be neurologic, hereditary, or due to a deficiency of zinc in the diet.
Normal air conduction (AC) is ___ seconds,
30 seconds
normal Bone conduction (BC) is ___ seconds
15 seconds
4 Major functions of the nose and sinuses are:
1.) providing an airway for respiration. 2.) filtering, warming, and humidifying air flowing into the respiratory tract. 3.) providing resonance for the voice 4.) housing the receptors for olfaction
