Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment Test 2 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

The skull includes the…

A

Cranium and face/ skull and facial bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The cranial bones include all of the following except.

A.Frontal
B. Parietal 
C.Temporal 
D.  Pharynx 
E.Occipital
A

D.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Select the nine lymph node drains in the head and neck.

A. Preauricular 
B. Occipital
C. Postauricular  
D. Submental
E. Submaxillary 
F. Retropharyngeal
G. Superficial cervical
H. Deep cervical
I. Mandibular 
J. Supraclavicular
A

All but I.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The ____permits movement of the neck and face, while the bones protect the brain, spinal cord, and eyes.

A. Respiratory system
B. Musculoskeletal system
C. Cardiovascular system

A

B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Food intake starts at the mouth, which is the beginning of the…

A. gastrointestinal system
B. Cardiovascular system
C. Musculoskeletal system

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When performing an assessment of the head and neck, one must be aware of ____ factors such as stress and anxiety that can influence the health of this body area.

A. physiological
B. psychosocial

A

B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What following structures are found within the neck?

A. vertebrae 
B. hyoid bone 
C. Atlas 
D. cartilage 
E. muscles
F. thyroid gland 
G. major blood vessels.
A

A,B, D, E, F, G.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The bones of the cranium are connected to each other by means of ____, or non movable joints.

A. Sutures
B. Scalp
C. ligaments

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When is the solidification process of the sutures completed in life?

A. 6 months of age
B. second year of life
C. 6 years of age

A

B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the primary function of the skull?

A. protect the bones
B. protect the brain
C. protect the sutures of the skull

A

B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the scalp made of? (Select all that apply)

A. muscles
B. ligaments
C. Tendons
D. skin

A

A, D.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the bones of the face? (select all that apply)

A. frontal 
B. maxillae 
C. zygomatic
D. nasal
E. ethmoid
F. lacrimal 
G. sphenoid 
H. atlas 
I. Mandible
A

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, I.

All except H.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The TMJ (temporomandibular joint) is located ___ to the tragus of the ear and allows a person to open and close the mouth, protract and retract the chin, and slide the lower jaw from side to side.

A. posterior
B. anterior

A

B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The ___, appendages of the skin, are over the supraorbital margins of the skull.

A. nasolabial folds
B. mouth
C. eyebrows

A

C.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The ___ of the eye forms a straight line with the pinna, and the nasolabial folds are equal.

A. lateral canthus
B. palpebral fissure
C. lacrimal bone

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The neck is formed by the seven cervical vertebrae, ligaments, and muscles, which support the cranium. The first cervical vertebra (C1), commonly called the ___, carries the skull.

A. axis
B. atlas
C. mastoid process

A

B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The second cervical vertebra (C2) is commonly called what?

A. axis
B. atlas
C. mastoid process

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the primary muscles of the neck?
(Select all that apply)

A. sternocleidomastoid
B. trapezius
C. Omohyoid

A

A, B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

From review…

A

start here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Demonstrate how to asses the lymph nodes…

A

Palpate the lymph nodes by exerting gentle circular pressure wight he finger pads of two or three fingers of both hands. It is important to avoid strong pressure, which can push the nodes into the muscle and underlying structures, making then difficult to find. It is also important to establish a routine for assessment; otherwise, it is possible to omit one or more of the groups of nodes. (Figure 12.14 on page 253 has a picture)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Enlargement of lymph nodes is call ___ and can be due to infection, allergies or a tumor.

A. lymphadenopathy
B. hyperlymphitis
C. lymphadeno

A

A.

22
Q

Demonstrate how to assess the trachea…

A

Palpate the sternal notch. Move the finger pad of the palpating finger off the notch to the midline of the neck. Lightly palpate the area. You will feel the C rings (cricoid cartilage) of the trachea.
Move the finger laterally, first to the right and then to the left. You have now identified the lateral borders of the trachea.
The trachea should be midline, and the distance to the sternocleidomastoid muscles on each side should be equal. Place the thumb and index finger on each side of the trachea and slide them upward. As the trachea begins to widen, you have now identified the thyroid cartilage. Continue to slide your thumb and index finger high into the neck. Palpate the hyoid bone. The greater horns of the hyoid bone are most prominent. Confirm that the hyoid bone and tracheal cartilages move when the client swallows.

23
Q

___ ____ is the result of masses in the neck or mediastinum, pneumothorax, or pulmonary fibrosis.

A. tracheal displacement.
B. thyroid displacement
C. lymph displacement

A

A. Tracheal displacement

24
Q

demonstrate how to inspect the thyroid…

A

Inspect the thyroid gland.

  • The thyroid is not observable normally until the client swallows. Give the client a cup of water.
  • Distinguish the thyroid from other structures in the neck by asking the client to drink a sip of water.
  • The thyroid tissue is attached to the trachea, and, as the client swallows, it moves superiorly. You may wan toy adjust the lighting in the room if possible so that shadow are cast on the client’s neck. This may help you to visualize the thyroid.
25
Q

Demonstrate how to palpate the thyroid gland from the back….

A
  • From behind the patient, palpate the thyroid gland.
  • Ask the client to sit up straight, lower the chin, and then turn the head slightly to the right.
  • This position causes the client’s neck muscles to relax.
  • Using the fingers of your left hand, push the trachea to the right. Use light pressure during palpation to avoid obliterating findings.
  • With the fingers of the right hand, palpate the area between the trachea and the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Slowly and gently retract the sternocleidomastoid muscle and then ask the client to drink a sip of water. Palpate as the thyroid gland moves up during swallowing.
  • Reverse the procedure for the left side.
26
Q

Demonstrate how to palpate the thyroid gland from the front of the client.

A
  • This is an alternative approach. Stand in front of the client. Ask the client to lower the head and turn slightly to the right. Using the thumb of your right had, push the trachea to the right.
  • Place your left thumb and fingers over the sternocleidomastoid muscle and feel for any enlargement of the right lobe as the client swallows. Have water available to make swallowing easier.
  • Reverse the procedure for the left side.
27
Q

Demonstrate how to auscultate the thyroid…

A

If the thyroid is enlarged, the area over the thyroid is auscultated to detect any bruits. In an enlarged thyroid, blood flows through the arteries at an accelerated rate, producing a soft, rushing sound. This sound can best be detected with the bell of the stethoscope.

28
Q

The presence of a bruit is abnormal and is an indication of ____ blood flow.

A. decreased
B. increased

A

B.

29
Q

Demonstrate how to palpate the temporal artery….

A

Palpate between the eye and the top of the ear. The artery should feel smooth.

Any thickening or tenderness could indicate inflammation of the artery.

30
Q

Explain what you should hear when auscultate the temporal artery.

A

Use the bell of the stethoscope to auscultate for a bruit ( a soft blowing sound). Brits are not normally present.

A bruit is indicative of stenosis (narrowing) of the vessel.

31
Q

Explain important factors when assessing an older adult…

A

The older adult loses subcutaneous fat in the face. This increases the wrinkles in the skin, yielding an older appearance. A decrease in reproductive hormones results in the development of coarse, long eyebrows and nasal hair in males and coarse hair, usually on the chin, in females. Loss of teeth and improperly fitting dentures provide a change to facial expressions and symmetry. Rigidity of the cervical vertebrae in common, causing limited range of motion of the neck. The thyroid gland produces fewer hormones with age.

32
Q

The ___ gland is the largest gland of the endocrine system, is butterfly shaped. It is located in the anterior portion of the neck.

A. Hypothalamus
B. Pituitary
C. Thyroid

A

C.

33
Q

The ___ of the thyroid connects the right and left lobes of the thyroid gland, is located beneath the cricoid cartilage (or the first tracheal ring), and is inferior to the thyroid cartilage (Adam’s apple).

A. isthmus
B. hyoid
C. larynx

A

A

34
Q

The thyroid gland plays an important role in growth and development. The thyroid is difficult to palpate on an infant, but it can be accomplished on a child using….

A.The metacarpophalangeal joint
B. Two or three fingers
C. thumbs

A

B

35
Q

Abnormalities in thyroid function are generally detected by assessment of growth and development and through….

A. CT scans
B. Yearly x-rays
C. laboratory test.

A

C

36
Q

The pregnant female may develop blotchy pigmented spots (melanoma) on her face, facial edema, and enlargement of the ___. The female may also complain of headaches during the first trimester, which may be related to increased hormones.

A. Thyroid
B. hypothalamus
C. pinnia

A

A.

37
Q

In older adults the ___ produces fewer hormones with age.

A. Thyroid
B. hypothalamus
C. pinnia

A

A.

38
Q

What are some cultural considerations to remember when conducting an assessment?

A
  • Covering of the hair or face is required in some cultures, such as Muslim and Sikh.
  • Hypothyroidism occurs more frequently in Caucasians and Mexican American than in Africans Americans.
  • Immigrants from arid countries in Asia and Africa in which millet is a staple food are more likely to have goiter.
  • Facial malformations may occur in infant with fetal alcohol syndrome. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) occurs more frequently in Native American, Alaska Natives, and African Americans than in other cultural groups.
  • Touching of the head is prohibited in cultures in which the soul or spirt is believed to reside in the head. These cultural groups include but are not limited to Native American groups: cultures in Southeast Asia, especially Hmong; and in some Latino cultures.
  • In some cultures, eye contact and smiling are considered rude or aggressive.
39
Q

What is a goiter?

A. enlarged lymph node
B. enlarged thyroid
C. small thyroid

A

B.

40
Q

A patient has exophthalmos, fine hair, weight loss, and diarrhea. What disorder may the patient have?

A. Hypothyroidism
B. Bell’s palsy
C. Hyperthyroidism

A

C.
exophthalmos (Bulging eyes)

Other symptoms of hyperthyroidism is:

  • Irritability/ nervousness
  • Muscle weakness or tremors
  • Amenorrhea
  • Insomnia
  • Enlarged thyroid
  • Heat sensitivity
  • Visual disturbances
41
Q

A temporary disorder affecting cranial nerve VII (facial) and producing a unilateral facial paralysis. It may be caused by a virus. Its onset is sudden, and it usually resolves spontaneously in a few weeks without residual effects.

A. Acromegaly
B. Bell’s Palsy
C. Cushing’s syndrome

A

B.

42
Q

What disease is the result of a decrease in dopamine (a neurotransmitter) in which patients have a mask like expression?

A. Cushing’s Syndrom
B. Bell’s Palsy
C. Parkinson’s Disease

A

C.

43
Q

If a patient has a decrease in pituitary stimulation of the thyroid gland or lack of hypothalamic thyroid-relaxing factor, weight gain, memory impairment, and depression the patient may have what?

A. Graves’ Disease
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Thyroid Adenoma

A

B.

44
Q

What disorder is characterized by epicentral folds, narrow palpebral fissures, a deformed upper lip below the septum of the nose, and some degree of mental retardation. It is seen in infants of mothers whose intake of alcohol during pregnancy was significant.

A. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
B. Torticollis
C. Down Syndrome

A

A.

45
Q

___ can result in neurologic deficits that include facial paralysis.

A. Graves’ Disease
B. CVA (Brain Attack/ Stroke)
C. Bell’s palsy

A

B.

46
Q

___ is a chromosomal defect causing varying degrees of mental retardation and characteristic facial features such as slanted eyes; a flat nasal bridge; a flat nose; a protruding tongue; and a short, broad neck.

A. Parkinson’s Disease
B. Fetal alcohol
C. Down Syndrome

A

C.

47
Q

Iodine deficiencies occur in areas with soil poor in iodine. Iodine deficiency disorders include ___ and hypothyroidism.

A. Goiter
B. Large lymph nodes
C. Bell’s Palsy

A

A.

A goiter is an enlarged thyroid

48
Q

A client comes into the clinic experiencing localized pulsating pain to the front of the head. She has be experiencing the pain for the last 5 hours and is starting to feel nauseated. What type of headache is she experiencing?

A. Cluster Headache
B. Classic Migrane
C. Tension Headache

A

B.

49
Q

This type of headache is also know as a muscle contraction due to sustained contraction of the muscles in the head, neck, or upper back. The onset is gradual, not sudden, and the pain is usually steady, not throbbing.

A. Cluster Headache
B. Classic Migrane
C. Tension Headache

A

C.

The pain may be unilateral or bilateral and typically ranges from the cervical region to the top of the head. Tension headaches may be associated with stress, overwork, position, dental problems, premenstrual syndrome, sinus inflammation, and other health problems.

50
Q

This type of headache gets its name because of the numerous episodes that occur over a period of days or even months and then are followed by a period of remission during which no headaches occur. They have no aura and the onset is sudden and may be associate with alcohol consumption, stress, or emotional distress.

A. Cluster Headache
B. Classic Migrane
C. Tension Headache

A

A.

Cluster headaches often begin suddenly at night with an excruciating pain on one side of the face spreading upward behind one eye. The nose and affected eye water, and nasal congestion is common. Cluster headaches may last for only a few minutes or up to a few hours.

Health Assessment Test 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions