CHAPTER 14

Question 1

Stress

Answer 1

the physical and psychological response to internal or external stressors

Question 2

health psychology

Answer 2

focus on relationship between stress and physical and mental health

Question 3

College undergraduate stress scale (CUSS)

Answer 3

a scale that showed that the higher levels pf stress a person is facing, the more likely they are to get sick.

Question 4

Jamieson (2013) and race & social rejection

Answer 4

assessed the interaction of race and social rejection.
In group rejection: if received negative feedback from someone in same race as themselves, showed signs of shame and avoidance
out of group rejection: if received negative feedback from someone as a different race, showed signs of aggression and approach

Question 5

fight or flight

Answer 5

increases heart rate , blood pressure , and respiration rate to respond to immediate stress or threat.
hypothalamus -> releasing factor-> pituitary gland-> ACTH-> adrenal gland -> cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine

Question 6

stress and aging

Answer 6

chronic stress linked with shorter telomere length . cortisol reduces telomerase activity. this leads to people “aging” quicker

Question 7

Lazarus’ Primary and secondary appraisal

Answer 7

primary appraisal is the determination of whether or not a stimulus is stressful. secondary appraisal is how the stressor is coped with

Question 8

repressive coping

Answer 8

avoids reminders of the stressor and avoids the stressor. often sued for intensely traumatic stressors.

Question 9

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Answer 9

a 3 stage response to stress.
phase 1: alarm reaction (mobilize resources)
phase 2: resistance (cope with stressor)
phase 3: exhaustion (reserves depleted)

Question 10

rational coping

Answer 10

faces the stressor to overcome it . 3 step process:
1. acceptance (realize that the stressor will not go away)
2.exposure (coming in contact with the stressor)
3, understanding

Question 11

prolonged exposure technique

Answer 11

record an account of something that makes you fearful. Listen to this account daily

Question 12

stress inoculation training

Answer 12

learning to look at the positives

Question 13

relaxation therapy

Answer 13

trains people to relax the muscles in their body . uses the relaxation response

Question 14

biofeedback

Answer 14

uses instruments to monitor physiological responses and provides feedback to help people consciously control these responses

Question 15

tend and befriend

Answer 15

alternative to fight or flight. associated with oxytocin

Question 16

pain sensitivity

Answer 16

higher sensitivity in primary somatosensory areas and anterior cingulate cortex linked to higher pain sensitivity

Question 17

self regulation

Answer 17

the exercise of voluntary control over the self to bring the self into line with preferred standards

Question 18

illusion of unique invulnerability

Answer 18

risk takers often harbor a systematic bias towards believing that they are less likely to fall victim to the problem than are others