Chapter 14 -18 Flashcards
(42 cards)
Triple point
A temperature for a substance at which there is thermal equilibrium. Not net energy transfer.
How do you convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit?
Add 273 to the celius for farenheit.
What is absolute zero
0 Kelvin
Internal energy
The sum of randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies of atoms of molecules within a substance.
Factors affecting internal energy ( 3 )
Temperature - Particles move faster so have more kinetic energy.
Pressure and Volume- The closer the particles are to each other the more likely they are to collide.
State - When materials change state, volume will change so p.d will also change
Specific Heat Capacity
The energy required to change 1kg of a substance of temperature by 1 C.
E = mcθ
Specific Latent Heat
The energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance without changing its temperature.
E = mL
What is Specific latent heat of fusion
When the substance changes from solid to liquid.
What is Specific latent heat of vaporisation
When the substance changes from liquid to gas
Avagadros Constant
6.02 x 10^23
Equation for No. of atoms
N = n x Na n = number of moles Na = Avagadros Constant
What is a mole
The SI unit for the amount of a substance
5 assumptions for an ideal gas (Short Form)
Large number of atoms with random directions and speed Big container Elastic Collisions Short time collisions No forces between particles
5 assumptions for an ideal gas (Need to learn)
- Gas contains large number of atoms / molecules moving in random directions and speed.
2, Atoms / Molecules occupy a negligible volume compared with volume of gas.
3, The collisions of atoms / molecules is perfectly elastic. - The time of the collisions between atoms / molecules is negligible.
- Electrostatic forces between atoms and molecules negligible except during collisions.
What is the relationship between pressure and volume
They are inversely proportional
What is the relationship between pressure and temperature
They are directly proportional
Equation of combined gas laws
pV / T = constant
Equation for root mean squared speed
pV = 1/3 N m c^2
Angular Velocity (3 equations)
ω = θ/t ω = 2 pi / t ω = 2 pi f
Centripetal acceleration ( 3 equations)
a = v^2 / r a = ω ^2 r v = rω
Centripetal force ( 2 equations)
F = mv^2 / r F = mω^2 r
What is the relationship between volume and temperature?
They are directly proportional
How do you find the number of particles in a substance.
N = n x Na n = Number of moles Na = 6.02 x 10 ^23
What is displacement in oscillation
The distance from equilibrium position
