CHAPTER 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Individual differences in people’s personalities were biological, and not merely psychological aspects of personality.

A

Biologically Based Factor Theory

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2
Q

The biologically based tendency to behave in particular ways from very
early in life.

A

Temperament

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3
Q

The scientific study of the role of heredity in behavior. The extent to which a characteristic is influenced by genetics is known as heritability.

A

Behavioral genetics

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4
Q

Research into hereditary influence on twins, who were raised apart and those who were raised together.

A

Twin-adoption studies

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5
Q

Allows researchers to assess how genetic differences interact with the environment to produce certain behavior in some people but not in others.

A

Gene-by-environment interaction research

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6
Q

Biological aspects of personality are assessed using brain imaging
techniques.

A

Brain measure research

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7
Q

Used to record electrical activity of the brain by placing electrodes in a person’s scalp. It is superior to other brain imaging techniques in showing when brain activity occurs.

A

Electroencephalography

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8
Q

Images from fMRI tells us where activity in the brain is occurring during particular tasks by tracking blood oxygen use in brain tissue.

A

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

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9
Q

EYSECNK’S FACTOR THEORY

A

Psychometric sophistication alone is not sufficient to measure the structure of human personality.

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10
Q

Factors must be established. The factor must be reliable and replicable.

A

Psychometric evidence

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11
Q

Factor must fit an established genetic model.

A

Heritability

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12
Q

Gathering data that are logically consistent with that theory.

A

Make sense in a theoretical view

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13
Q

Mathematically derived factors should have a relationship with socially relevant variables.

A

Social relevance

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14
Q

Individual behaviors or thoughts that may or may not
be characteristic of a person

A

Specific acts or cognitions

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15
Q

Responses that recur under similar conditions.

A

Habitual acts or cognitions

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16
Q

Formed by several related habitual
responses. These are semi-permanent
personality dispositions.

A

Traits

17
Q

It is made up of several interrelated
traits

A

Types

18
Q

Is a psychological condition that is largely inherited rather than
learned.

A

Cortical arousal level