Chapter 14

Question 1

Abnormalities in partitioning of the esophagus and trachea by the tracheoesophageal septum result in ___ with or without tracheoesophageal fistulas [TEFs]

Answer 1

esophageal atresia

Question 2

In this regard, TEFs are a component of the ____ association [Vertebral anomalies, Anal atresia, Cardiac defects, Tracheoesophageal fistula, Esophageal atresia, Renal anomalies, and Limb defects], a collection of defectsof unknown causation, but occurring more frequently than predicted by chance alone

Answer 2

VACTERL

Question 3

Abnormalities in partitioning of the esophagus and trachea by the tracheoesophageal septum result in esophageal atresia with or without ___

Answer 3

tracheoesophageal fistulas [TEFs]

Question 4

___ is particularly important for survival of the premature infant

Answer 4

Surfactant

Question 5

When surfactant is insufficient, the air—water [blood] surface membrane tension becomes high, bringing great risk that alveoli will collapse during expiration. As a result, ___ develops

Answer 5

respiratory distress syndrome [RDS] develops

Question 6

RDS, which was previously known as ____, accounts for approximately 20% of deaths among newborns

Answer 6

hyaline membrane disease,

Question 7

___, which are formed by dilation of terminal or larger bronchi.

Answer 7

Congenital cysts of the lung

Question 8

Abnormal divisions of the bronchial tree are more common; some result in ___

Answer 8

supernumerary lobules

Question 9

___ arising from the trachea or esophagus. It is believed that these lobes are formed from additional respiratory buds of the foregut that develop independent of the main respiratory system.

Answer 9

ectopic lung lobes