Chapter 14

Question 1

Abnormalities in partitioning of the esophagusand trachea by the tracheoesophageal septum
result in

Answer 1

Esophageal attresia wit or without tracheoesophageal fistulas

Question 2

is particularly important for sur—
vival of the premature infant.

Answer 2

Surfactant

Question 3

a common cause of death in the premature infant. In these cases, the partially collapsed alveoli contain a fluid with a high protein content, many hyaline membranes, and lamellar
bodies, probably derived from the surfactant layer.

Answer 3

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (previously known as hyaline membrane disease)

Question 4

These variations of the bronchial tree have little functional significance, but they may cause unexpected difficulties during bronchoscopies.

Answer 4

Supernumerary lobules

Question 5

Arises from the trachea or esophagus, These lobes are formed from additional respiratory buds of the foregut that
develop independent of the main respiratory system.

Answer 5

Ectopic lung lobes

Question 6

are formed by dilation of terminal or larger bronchi. These cysts may be small and multiple, giving the lung a honeycomb appearance on radiograph, or they maybe restricted to one or more larger ones.

Answer 6

Congenital cysts of the lung