Chapter 1.4

Question 1

The posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) cavities are each subdivided into smaller cavities.
In the posterior (dorsal) cavity, the … cavity houses the brain,

Answer 1

cranial cavity

Question 2

The posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) cavities are each subdivided into smaller cavities.
The … cavity encloses the spinal cord.

Answer 2

spinal cavity (or vertebral cavity)

Question 3

The brain and spinal cord are protected by the bones of the skull and vertebral column and by … fluid, a colorless fluid produced by the brain, which cushions the brain and spinal cord within the posterior (dorsal) cavity.

Answer 3

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 4

The anterior (ventral) cavity has two main subdivisions: the … and the …

Answer 4

thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity

Question 5

The … cavity is the more superior subdivision of the anterior cavity, and it is enclosed by the rib cage. The … cavity contains the lungs and the heart, which is located in the mediastinum.

Answer 5

thoracic cavity

Question 6

The … cavity is the largest cavity in the body. Although no membrane physically divides the … cavity, it can be useful to distinguish between the abdominal cavity, the division that houses the digestive organs, and the pelvic cavity, the division that houses the organs of reproduction.

Answer 6

abdominopelvic

Answer 7

Question 8

Question 9

A serous membrane (also referred to a serosa) is one of the thin membranes that cover the walls and organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. The parietal layers of the membranes line the walls of the body cavity (pariet- refers to a cavity wall). The visceral layer of the membrane covers the organs (the viscera). Between the parietal and visceral layers is a very thin, fluid-filled serous space, or cavity

Answer 9

Question 10

A … is one of the thin membranes that cover the walls and organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

Answer 10

A serous membrane (also referred to a serosa)

Question 11

There are three serous cavities and their associated membranes.

Answer 11

pleura
pericardium
peritoneum

Question 12

The … is the serous membrane that encloses the pleural cavity; the pleural cavity surrounds the lungs.

Answer 12

pleura

Question 13

The … is the serous membrane that encloses the pericardial cavity; the pericardial cavity surrounds the heart.

Answer 13

pericardium

Question 14

The … is the serous membrane that encloses the peritoneal cavity; the peritoneal cavity surrounds several organs in the abdominopelvic cavity.

Answer 14

peritoneum

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

Question 22

Therm is the root word for …

Answer 22

heat

Question 23

the prefix Endo means …

Answer 23

• inner, within

Question 24

Anano is the root word for …

Answer 24

not, against

From the Greek words ana meaning “against”
and phylaxis meaning “protection, guarding.”

Question 25

Dia is the root word for …

Answer 25

complete

A diagnosis

Question 26

Ecto is the root word for …

Answer 26

outer, outside
An ectopic pregnancy occurs
when the embryo implants
outside the uterus.

Question 27

Hyper is the root word for …

Answer 27

too much, excessive

Question 28

Hypo is the root word for …

Answer 28

too little, below normal

Question 29

Peri is the root word for …

Answer 29

around, surrounding

Question 30

Pro is the root word for …

Answer 30

before, in front
The prostate is named for its placement
before the urinary bladder.

Question 31

Retro is the root word for …

Answer 31

behind

Question 32

Sub is the root word for …

Answer 32

below

Question 33

Trans is the root word for …

Answer 33

through, across
An organ transplant is a procedure in which an organ
is moved from one body to another.

Question 34

-algia is the suffix for …

Answer 34

pain
Fibromyalgia is a common ailment in
which a person experiences chronic,
widespread pain.

Question 35

-cyte is the suffix for …

Answer 35

cell
A lymphocyte is a white blood cell that
acts as part of the immune system

Question 36

-ectomy is the suffix for …

Answer 36

removal
Appendectomy, the removal of the appendix, is the most commonly performed emergency surgery in
the United States.

Question 37

-emia is the suffix for …

Answer 37

blood condition
To help treat anemia, or low
blood iron, include leafy
greens, red meat, and legumes
in one’s diet.

Question 38

-itis is the suffix for …

Answer 38

inflammation
Rhinitis is one of the most common
ailments—inflammation of the mucous
membrane in the nose. Symptoms
include a runny nose, sniffling,
and postnasal drip.

Question 39

-oma is the suffix for …

Answer 39

tumor, mass
A scintillating scotoma is a visual aura that usually precedes a migraine. During this phenomenon, a mass of flickering or fluctuating light obscures normal vision.

Question 40

-opsy is the suffix for …

Answer 40

to view
When cancer is possibly detected, doctors will usually perform a biopsy and remove a small portion of the area
in question to evaluate.

Question 41

A description of any region or part of the body in a specific stance is called the …

Answer 41

Anatomical position
In the anatomical position, the body is upright, directly facing the observer, feet flat and directed forward.
The upper limbs are at the body’s sides with the palms
facing forward.

Question 42

If the body is lying face up, it is in the … position

Answer 42

supine position

Question 43

If the body is lying face down, it is in the … position

Answer 43

prone position

Question 44

Answer 44

Question 45

Answer 45

Question 46

Answer 46

Question 47

Answer 47

Question 48

Answer 48