Chapter 1.4 Flashcards
The posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) cavities are each subdivided into smaller cavities.
In the posterior (dorsal) cavity, the … cavity houses the brain,
cranial cavity
The posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) cavities are each subdivided into smaller cavities.
The … cavity encloses the spinal cord.
spinal cavity (or vertebral cavity)
The brain and spinal cord are protected by the bones of the skull and vertebral column and by … fluid, a colorless fluid produced by the brain, which cushions the brain and spinal cord within the posterior (dorsal) cavity.
cerebrospinal fluid
The anterior (ventral) cavity has two main subdivisions: the … and the …
thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity
The … cavity is the more superior subdivision of the anterior cavity, and it is enclosed by the rib cage. The … cavity contains the lungs and the heart, which is located in the mediastinum.
thoracic cavity
The … cavity is the largest cavity in the body. Although no membrane physically divides the … cavity, it can be useful to distinguish between the abdominal cavity, the division that houses the digestive organs, and the pelvic cavity, the division that houses the organs of reproduction.
abdominopelvic
A serous membrane (also referred to a serosa) is one of the thin membranes that cover the walls and organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. The parietal layers of the membranes line the walls of the body cavity (pariet- refers to a cavity wall). The visceral layer of the membrane covers the organs (the viscera). Between the parietal and visceral layers is a very thin, fluid-filled serous space, or cavity
A … is one of the thin membranes that cover the walls and organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
A serous membrane (also referred to a serosa)
There are three serous cavities and their associated membranes.
pleura
pericardium
peritoneum
The … is the serous membrane that encloses the pleural cavity; the pleural cavity surrounds the lungs.
pleura
The … is the serous membrane that encloses the pericardial cavity; the pericardial cavity surrounds the heart.
pericardium
The … is the serous membrane that encloses the peritoneal cavity; the peritoneal cavity surrounds several organs in the abdominopelvic cavity.
peritoneum
Therm is the root word for …
heat
the prefix Endo means …
- inner, within
Anano is the root word for …
not, against
From the Greek words ana meaning “against”
and phylaxis meaning “protection, guarding.”
Dia is the root word for …
complete
A diagnosis
Ecto is the root word for …
outer, outside
An ectopic pregnancy occurs
when the embryo implants
outside the uterus.
Hyper is the root word for …
too much, excessive
Hypo is the root word for …
too little, below normal
Peri is the root word for …
around, surrounding
Pro is the root word for …
before, in front
The prostate is named for its placement
before the urinary bladder.
Retro is the root word for …
behind
Sub is the root word for …
below
Trans is the root word for …
through, across
An organ transplant is a procedure in which an organ
is moved from one body to another.
-algia is the suffix for …
pain
Fibromyalgia is a common ailment in
which a person experiences chronic,
widespread pain.
-cyte is the suffix for …
cell
A lymphocyte is a white blood cell that
acts as part of the immune system
-ectomy is the suffix for …
removal
Appendectomy, the removal of the appendix, is the most commonly performed emergency surgery in
the United States.
-emia is the suffix for …
blood condition
To help treat anemia, or low
blood iron, include leafy
greens, red meat, and legumes
in one’s diet.
-itis is the suffix for …
inflammation
Rhinitis is one of the most common
ailments—inflammation of the mucous
membrane in the nose. Symptoms
include a runny nose, sniffling,
and postnasal drip.
-oma is the suffix for …
tumor, mass
A scintillating scotoma is a visual aura that usually precedes a migraine. During this phenomenon, a mass of flickering or fluctuating light obscures normal vision.
-opsy is the suffix for …
to view
When cancer is possibly detected, doctors will usually perform a biopsy and remove a small portion of the area
in question to evaluate.
A description of any region or part of the body in a specific stance is called the …
Anatomical position
In the anatomical position, the body is upright, directly facing the observer, feet flat and directed forward.
The upper limbs are at the body’s sides with the palms
facing forward.
If the body is lying face up, it is in the … position
supine position
If the body is lying face down, it is in the … position
prone position
