Chapter 14

Question 1

blending inheritance

Answer 1

parental traits blends so that their offspring have intermediate traits

Question 2

inheritance of axquired characteristics

Answer 2

parental traits are modified through use and then passed on

Question 3

what was used as the first model organism is genetics

Answer 3

peas

Question 4

monohybrid cross

Answer 4

mating parents with two different phenotypes for a single trait is called a monohybrid cross

Question 5

reciprocal cross

Answer 5

to determine if gender influenced inheritance

Question 6

pure line

Answer 6

individuals of the same phenotype that when it is crossed it will produce offspring with the same phenotype

Question 7

x-linked

Answer 7

referring to a gene located on the x-chromosome

Question 8

y-linked

Answer 8

referring to a gene located on the Y chromosome

Question 9

principle of segregation

Answer 9

the two members of the gene pair have to segregate
they separate into different gamete cells
during the formation of eggs and sperm in the parents

Question 10

dihybrid crosses

Answer 10

matings between parents that are both heterozygous for two traits

Question 11

two tested contrasting hypotheses

Answer 11

independent assortment, dependent assortment

Question 12

testcross

Answer 12

a homozygous recessive parents is mated w a parent that has the dominant phenotype but an unknown genotype, the genotype of the second can be inferred from the results

Question 13

multiple allelism

Answer 13

when there are more than two alleles of a gene in a population

Question 14

the alleles for ABO blood types

Answer 14

I^A, I^B and I

Question 15

polygenic inheritance of quantitative traits

Answer 15

a trait that exhibits continuous variation rather than coming in distinct types

Question 16

mode of transmission

Answer 16

a trait as autosomal or sex linked and the type of dominance

Question 17

pedigree

Answer 17

mode of transmission for a given trait