Chapter 14

Question 1

What are the 6 components of an ultrasound system

Answer 1

Transducer, pulser and beam former, receiver, display, storage and master synchronizer

Question 2

What is the function of the pulser

Answer 2

Creates electrical voltage that excites PZT

Question 3

Strong voltage produces a ______ image

Answer 3

Better. (Strong pulse= strong ringing, strong reflection, brighter image)

Question 4

Is the pulser’s output adjustable

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

Noise is always _______

Answer 5

Consistent

Question 6

What is the function of the master synchronizer

Answer 6

Organizes the interaction of the systems components. Dirige el tráfico basically

Question 7

The beam former operates in both transmission and _______

Answer 7

Reception

Question 8

What is apodization

Answer 8

Reduction of lobe artifacts

Question 9

What is the switch

Answer 9

Esto es lo que decide si la máquina está en transmit mode or receive mode

Question 10

What is the receiver function

Answer 10

Process voltages and gets them ready for display

Question 11

List the receiver operations in the correct order

Answer 11

Amplification
Compensation
Compression
Demodulation
Rejection

Question 12

What are other names for pulser voltage

Answer 12

Output gain, acoustic power, transmitter output, energy output

Question 13

Amplification is also known as

Answer 13

Receiver gain

Question 14

Is amplification adjustable

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

Pre amplification occurs within the

Answer 15

Transducer

Question 16

Describe the amplification process

Answer 16

All signals are made larger EQUALLY. it doesn’t improve signal to noise ratio

Question 17

Compensation is also known as

Answer 17

Time-gain compensation (TGC)

Question 18

Is compensation adjustable?

Answer 18

DUH. Son los TGCs

Question 19

What does compensation do

Answer 19

Creates an image that is uniformly bright top to bottom

Question 20

List the names of the sections of the TGCs buttons

Answer 20

From top to bottom:
near gain (small compensation) delay (variable compensation begins)
slope (variable)
knee (almost all the compensation)
and far gain (maximum compensation)

Question 21

Compression is also known as

Answer 21

Dynamic range

Question 22

Is compression adjustable

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

What is the function of compression

Answer 23

Keep the range of greys compressed so the human eye can see them

Question 24

Demodulation is also known as

Answer 24

Detection

Question 25

Is demodulation adjustable

Answer 25

NO

Question 26

What are the two steps of demodulation

Answer 26

Rectification, and smoothing

Question 27

What is rectification

Answer 27

Converting negative voltages into positive ones

Question 28

What is smoothing

Answer 28

Placing smooth lines around the bumps of the different voltages to kind of make them one

Question 29

Rejection is also known as

Answer 29

Threshold or suppression

Question 30

Is rejection adjustable

Answer 30

Yes

Question 31

What is rejection

Answer 31

Getting rid of low level echoes que no sirven y hacen ver la imagen grainy

Question 32

What is dynamic frequency tuning

Answer 32

Una tecnología que usa high frequency to create superficial portion of the image and low frequency for deeper portion

Question 33

What does ALARA stand for and what’s the meaning

Answer 33

AS LOW AS REASONABLY ACHIEVABLE It means we should lower the output power that we can possibly use to get the image

Question 34

When modifying output power or receiver gain the first option is gonna be the one that protects the

Answer 34

Patient. (Always lowering output power first)