Chapter 14 Flashcards
Know Evil
Of the global total of _____ million people
living with HIV today
Of the global total of 34 million people
living with HIV today, the vast majority
—an estimated 23.5 million or 69%—
live in Sub-Saharan Africa. In addition,
92% of all pregnant women living with
HIV and 90% of the world’s children
living with HIV live in this sub-region
The third world
“Third World” is a phrase
frequently used to describe a
developing nation.
This term, which has its origins
in the Cold War period, is still
commonly used to refer to the
underdeveloped countries of
Central and South America,
Africa, and Asia.
These countries are also
referred to as the “Global
South” or the “Developing
Countries.”
The use of the term “Third World” started
during the Cold War (1947 – 1991).
A Third World country is a country whose
views are not aligned with NATO (North
Atlantic Treaty Organization) and capitalism
or the Soviet Union and communism.
The North-South Divide
- Economic division of the world along the lines of wealthy nations in the North and poor or developing nations in the South.
- The countries of the Global South have 75% of the world’s people, but only
The countries of the global south have ____ of the
world’s people, but only…
The countries of the global south have 75% of the
world’s people, but only…
15% of the world’s energy consumption
17% of the world’s GNP
30% of the world’s food grains
18% of the world’s export earnings
11% of the world’s education spending
9% of the world’s health expenditure
5% of the world’s science and technology
8% of the world’s industry
Economic globalization
is the growing integration of international markets for goods, services, and finance.
It includes
* 1) the expansion of free trade and investment,
* 2) the geographical expansion and increase in power of transnational corporations (TNCs), and
* 3) the use of agreements between nations and
international bodies such as the World Trade
Organization (WTO).
The Occupy Movement—“We Are the 99%
This movement started on Wall Street in
New York in 2011 and grew into local
chapters worldwide.
* Participants use the slogan “We Are
the 99%” to draw attention to the
unequal distribution of wealth in
Western countries.
* It is estimated that one percent of the
population in those countries controls
more wealth (and therefore more
power) than the other 99 percent
The Context for International Practice Today
For globalization to be politically and economically
sustainable,
* it must meet the needs of all sectors of society,
* contribute to the reduction of inequality,
* and lead to a better life for all.
The Globalization Challenge for Social Workers
How can social workers address instability, inequality, and injustice from a global perspective?
* All social work today is interwoven with global economic processes.
* Canadian social workers need to stay informed about these systems and processes, and how they affect individuals and communities.
* They need to continually develop their knowledge and skills to deal with global-level problems and serve multicultural societies.
Social Work with Intergovernmental, Non-governmental,
Humanitarian, and Community Organizations
International social workers work in a variety of national, international, and humanitarian organizations:
* intergovernmental organizations,
* non-governmental organizations,
* religious groups and humanitarian organizations, and
* community organizations
The Role of International Social Workers
Working with IGOs and NGOs
Intergovernmental organizations/International governmental organizations (IGOs)
* It refers to an entity created by treaties, involving two or more nations, to work in good faith, on issues of common interest.
* In the absence of a treaty an IGO does not exist in the legal sense.
* IGOs that are formed by treaties are more advantageous than a mere grouping of nations because they are subject to international law and
enforceable agreements among themselves or with states.
* EX) The United Nations was formed at the end of WW II, and seeks to develop a framework of international law that will be followed by all nation/sovereign states (referred to as member states) around the world.
* SWers are employed in various roles in its 12 specialized
The Role of International Social Workers
Working with IGOs and NGOs
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
* NGOs are international organizations that are not directly linked to governments.
* These are organizations that are neither part of a government nor conventional for-profit businesses.
* Usually set up by ordinary citizens, NGOs may be funded by governments, foundations, businesses, or private donors.
* This allows such organizations more freedom to take up important issues and bring about effective changes.
* Social workers working with NGOs frequently find themselves participating in peace building and conflict resolution.
Universal Human Rights
- The recognition of universal human rights was consolidated in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the General Assembly of the United Nations.
- Although this declaration is a non-binding document, it is a foundation document and is often invoked by national and other judiciaries around the world.
- All the major countries of the world are now signatories to this declaration.
Universal Human Rights: Three Types of Rights
Three types of human rights
Negative rights = First Generation
Positive rights = Second Generation
Collective rights = Third Generation
The Promotion and Protection of Human Rights
The Three Generations of Human Rights
First generation
-type civil and political rights
-origin liberalism
-ex. right to vote and right to run for office
Second generation
-type economic, social, and cultural rights
-origin socialism, social democracy
-ex. right to education and housing and to raise a family
Third generation:
-type collective rights
-origin collectivism, communitarianism
-ex right to a healthy environment, right to belong to a strong, cohesive society
Universal Human Rights: Three Types of
Rights
negative rights
positive rights
collective rights
