Chapter 14

Question 1

asepsis

Answer 1

Being free of disease-producing microbes

Question 2

biohazardous waste

Answer 2

Items contaminated with blood, body KEY TERMS fluids, secretions, or excretions; bio means “life” and hazardous means “dangerous or harmful”

Question 3

carrier

Answer 3

A human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not have the signs and symptoms of infection

Question 4

clean technique

Answer 4

See “medical asepsis”

Question 5

communicable disease

Answer 5

A disease caused by pathogens that spreads easily; contagious disease

Question 6

contagious disease

Answer 6

See “communicable disease”

Question 7

contamination

Answer 7

The process of becoming unclean

Question 8

disinfection

Answer 8

The process of destroying pathogens

Question 9

germicide

Answer 9

A disinfectant applied to the skin, tissues, or nonliving objects

Question 10

healthcare-associated infection (HAI)

Answer 10

An infection that de velops in a person cared for in any setting where health care is given; the infection is related to receiving health care

Question 11

immunity

Answer 11

Protection against a certain disease

Question 12

infection

Answer 12

A disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of microbes in the body

Question 13

infection control

Answer 13

Practices and procedures that prevent the spread of infection

Question 14

medical asepsis

Answer 14

Practices used to remove or destroy pathogens and to prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place; clean technique

Question 15

microbe

Answer 15

See “microorganism”

Question 16

microorganism

Answer 16

A small (micro) living plant or animal (organism) seen only with a microscope; microbe

Question 17

nonpathogen

Answer 17

A microbe that does not usually cause an infection

Question 18

normal flora

Answer 18

Microbes that live and grow in a certain area

Question 19

pathogen

Answer 19

A microbe that is harmful and can cause an infection

Question 20

reservoir

Answer 20

The environment in which a microbe lives and grows; host

Question 21

spore

Answer 21

A bacterium protected by a hard shell

Question 22

sterile

Answer 22

The absence of all microbes

Question 23

sterile field

Answer 23

A work area free of all pathogens and nonpatho gens (including spores)

Question 24

sterile technique

Answer 24

See “surgical asepsis”

Question 25

sterilization

Answer 25

The process of destroying all microbes

Question 26

surgical asepsis

Answer 26

The practices that keep items free of all microbes; sterile technique

Question 27

vaccination

Answer 27

Giving a vaccine to produce immunity against an infectious disease

Question 28

vaccine

Answer 28

A preparation containing dead or weakened microbes

Question 29

AIIR

Answer 29

Airborne infection isolation room

Question 30

C. diff

Answer 30

Clostridium difficile

Question 31

cm

Answer 31

Centimeter

Question 32

HAI

Answer 32

Healthcare-associated infection

Question 33

HBV

Answer 33

Hepatitis B virus

Question 34

HIV

Answer 34

Human immunodeficiency virus

Question 35

MDRO

Answer 35

Multidrug-resistant organism

Question 36

MRSA

Answer 36

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Question 37

OPIM

Answer 37

Other potentially infectious materials

Question 38

OSHA

Answer 38

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Question 39

PPE

Answer 39

Personal protective equipment

Question 40

TB

Answer 40

Tuberculosis

Question 41

VRE

Answer 41

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus