Chapter 13 - treatment of arrhythmias

Question 1

Name some underlying causes of sinus bradycardia

Answer 1

hypothyroidism, hyperkalemia, hypothermia, increased intracranial pressure, drugs (tranquilizers), or systemic disease such as renal failure

Question 2

Treatment of sinus bradycardia

Answer 2

treat underlying disease. Can use vagolytic or beta agonist drugs if symptomatic but that is rarely needed

Question 3

Name some conditions that are associated with sinus arrest/block

Answer 3

Vagal stimulation associated with severe respiratory disease or the vasovagal response, Atrial disease such as fibrosis or neoplasia (hemangio), metabolic/endocrine diseases which can electrolyte imbalances, drugs, irritation of the vagus nerve by neoplasia

Question 4

Treatment of sinus arrest/block

Answer 4

only required in symptomatic cases - pacemaker

Question 5

What are the most common breeds for SSS?

Answer 5

Westies, schnauzers

Question 6

Treatment for SSS

Answer 6

pacemaker

Question 7

What are the three classifications of atrial standstill?

Answer 7

persistent (atrial cardiomyopathy), temporary (secondary to reversible condition such as hyperkalemia), and terminal

Question 8

what electrolyte abnormality makes lidocaine not work?

Answer 8

hypokalemia

Question 9

Name five oral medications use for ventricular arrythmias

Answer 9

mexiletine, propranolol, atenolol, sotalol, amiodarone

Question 10

What are proposed causes of post GDV correction VPCs?

Answer 10

myocardial ischemia (decreased coronary perfusion), reperfusion injury, hypokalemia, acidosis, hypoxia, myocardial depressant factors

Question 11

Name four oral supraventricular antiarrhythmic drugs

Answer 11

diltiazem, verapamil, atenolol, propranolol

Question 12

Drug class for diltiazem and verapamil

Answer 12

calcium channel blocker

Question 13

Drug class for atenolol and propranolol

Answer 13

beta blockers

Question 14

What is the drug of choice for rate control in dogs with atrial fibrillation?

Answer 14

digoxin