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intro to psych > Chapter 13 - Therapies > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Therapies Flashcards

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1
Q

The treatment of psychological disorders that involves conversations between patient and therapist

A

Psychotherapy

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2
Q

Psychological well-being depends on self-understanding (emotions, thoughts, motives etc)

A

Insight therapy

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3
Q

To bring to consciousness the unresolved unconscious conflicts through techniques of free association, analysis of resistance, dream analysis and analysis of transference

A

Psychoanalysis

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4
Q

Creating an atmosphere that helps free patients to be themselves and release their natural tendency toward self-actualization

A

Person-cantered therapy

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5
Q

Finding a purpose or meaning in life

A

Existential therapy

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6
Q

Taking responsibility for feelings and behaviour and fully experiencing the present moment

A

Gestalt therapy

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7
Q

Based on the principles of learning in replacing maladaptive behaviours with more adaptive ones.

A

Behaviour modification therapy

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8
Q

Involves deep muscle relaxation and confrontation of a graduated series of anxiety-producing situations

A

Systematic desensitization

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9
Q

Exposure to the feared stimulus until anxiety decreases

A

Flooding

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10
Q

The appropriate response is modelled in graduated steps

A

Participant modelling

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11
Q

In OCD patients, exposure to the featured stimulus and then refrain from engaging in the usual ritual or compulsion

A

Exposure and response prevention

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12
Q

The pairing of the maladaptive behaviour with an aversive stimulus causing pain, or discomfort

A

Aversion therapy

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13
Q

Changing maladaptive behaviour from one’s irrational thoughts, beliefs and ideas

A

Cognitive therapy

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14
Q

Modify irrational beliefs, which are thought to cause personal distress

A

Rational-emotive therapy

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15
Q

To recognize automatic negative thoughts and replace them with more objective thoughts

A

Beck’s cognitive therapy

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16
Q

Involves only one client and one therapist

A

Individual

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17
Q

The one who participates in psychotherapy

A

Client / patient

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18
Q

Several clients participate at the same time

A

Group

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19
Q

Therapist provides strong guidance

A

Directive

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20
Q

Goo is for clients to gain deeper understanding of their thoughts, emotion and behaviours

A

Insight

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21
Q

Any therapy that limits number if session

A

Time-limited

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22
Q

Boring p, chipping or bashing holes into a patient’s head; for modern usage, refers to any surgical procedure in which a hole is bored into the skull

A

Trepanning

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23
Q

Study of demons and people beset by spirits

A

Demonology

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24
Q

Or tie if driving off and evil spirit

A

Exorcism

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25
Q

Psychotic-like symptoms that come from ergot (LSD) poisoning

A

Ergotism

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26
Q

French physician who initiated humane treatment of mental patients and created the first mental hospital

A

Philippe Pinel

27
Q

Physical symptoms occur without physiological causes

A

Hysteria (somatoform disorders)

28
Q

To resolve internal conflicts that lead to emotional suffering

A

Main goal of psychoanalysis

29
Q

Saying whatever comes to mind, regardless of how embarrassing it is

A

Free association

30
Q

Dreams express forbidden desires and unconscious feelings

A

Dream analysis

31
Q

Hidden symbolic meaning of dreams

A

Latent content

32
Q

Obvious, visible meaning of dreams. Tends to disguise information from unconscious

A

Manifest content

33
Q

Images in dreams that have personal or emotional meanings

A

Dream symbols

34
Q

Blockage in flow of ideas; topics the client resists thinking about or discussing

A

Resistance

35
Q

Tendency to transfer feelings to a therapist that match those the patient had for important people in his or her past

A

Transference

36
Q

Based on psychoanalytic theory but designed to produce insights more quickly; uses direct questioning to reveal unconscious conflicts

A

Brief psychodynamic therapy

37
Q

Improvement of a psychological condition due to time passing without therapy

A

Spontaneous remission

38
Q

People who receive no therapy as a way to test the effectiveness of psychotherapy

A

Waiting-List Control Group

39
Q

No directive and based on insights from conscious thoughts and feelings

A

Client-Centred Therapy (Rogers)

40
Q

Unshakable acceptance of another person, regardless of what they tell the therapist or how they feel

A

Unconditional Positive Regard

41
Q

Ability to feel what another person is feeling; capacity to take another person’s point of view

A

Empathy

42
Q

Ability of a therapist to be genuine and honest about his or feelings

A

Authenticity

43
Q

Rephrasing or repeating clients’ thoughts and feelings; helps clients become aware of what they are saying

A

Reflection

44
Q

Human ability to make choices

A

Free will

45
Q

Clients are challenged to examine their values and choices

A

Confrontation

46
Q

Using any classical or operant conditioning principles to change human behaviour directly

A

Behaviour modification

47
Q

Cannot change the past and no reason to alter that which has yet to occur

A

Focus on the present

48
Q

Learned dislike or negative emotional responses to a stimulus

A

Conditioned aversion

49
Q

Associate a strong aversion to an undesirable habit like smoking, overeating, drinking alcohol

A

Aversion therapy

50
Q

Reinforcement, punishment or other consequences that are applied only when a certain response is made

A

Response-contingent (response-connected) consequences

51
Q

Prolonged smoking at a rapid pace

A

Rapid smoking

52
Q

Rank-ordered series of steps, amounts or degrees

A

Hierarchy

53
Q

One emotional state is used to block another

A

Reciprocal inhibition

54
Q

Love or filmed person who serves as an example for observational learning

A

Model

55
Q

Reduction in fear that takes place secondhand when a client watches models perform the feared behaviour

A

Vicarious desensitization

56
Q

Presents computerized fear stimuli to patients in a controlled fashion

A

Virtual reality exposure

57
Q

A response that is not filled by a reward will occur less frequently

A

Nonreinforcement

58
Q

Actions or other behaviours a therapist seeks to change

A

Target behaviours

59
Q

Patients gets tokens for many socially desirable or productive behaviours; they can exchange tokens for tangible rewards and must pay tokens for undesirable behaviours

A

Token economy

60
Q

Perceiving only certain stimuli in a larger group if possibilities

A

Selective perception

61
Q

Allowing upsetting events to affect unreleased situation

A

Overgeneralization

62
Q

Seeing objects and events as absolutely right or wrong, good or bad etc

A

All-or-nothing thinking

63
Q

Attempts to change irrational beliefs that cause emotional problems

A

Rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT)

intro to psych (3 decks)

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