chapter 13: the occipital lobe and its functions

Question 1

What is the anatomical name of the primary visual cortex? Which Brodmann Area is it?

Answer 1

Calcarine sulcus, BA 17.

Question 2

What are ‘blobs’? What do they do?

Answer 2

Structures (different cell types) within V1 that process colour information.

Question 3

What structures in V1 process form and motion?

Answer 3

Interblobs.

Question 4

What function is each stripe in V2 responsible for processing?

Answer 4

Thin stripes: colour perception
Thick stripes: form information
Pale stripes: motion perception

Question 5

What are the three streams projecting from V2 to major visual areas? What are functions are they responsible for?

Answer 5

Dorsal stream: visual guidance of movement
Superior temporal sulcus (STS) stream: object perception and motion perception
Ventral stream: object perception and motion perception

Question 6

What are higher visual areas (V3-V5) responsible for processing?

Answer 6

V3: dynamic form, shapes in motion
V4: colour information
V5: motion processing; MT

Question 7

Which disorder is caused by damage to V4?

Answer 7

Achromatopsia.

Question 8

Which disorder is caused by damage to V5?

Answer 8

Akinetopsia.

Question 9

Damage to __ results in blindness, damage to __________ __________ results in deficits in specific functions.

Answer 9

V1, higher areas

Question 10

In patients with V1 damage, smaller projections from subcortical areas provide some limited vision. This is an example of what phenomenon?

Answer 10

Blindsight.

Question 11

The dorsal and ventral pathways are responsible for (perception/action) and (perception/action) accordingly.

Answer 11

action, perception

Question 12

The lateral occipital, fusiform face area, and extrastriate body area, are all regions belonging to the (dorsal/ventral) stream.

Answer 12

ventral

Question 13

the lateral intraparietal sulcus, ventral intraparietal sulcus, and parietal reach region, are al regions belonging to the (dorsal/ventral) stream.

Answer 13

dorsal

Question 14

What is egocentric space vs allocentric space? Which does/do the visual system guide movements by?

Answer 14

Egocentric space: objects organized in relation to the observer
Allocentric space: objects organized in relation to each other

Visual system encodes both perspectives to guide movement and to remember scenes.

Question 15

Visually guided movements project from __ to __________ __________ via __________ stream.

Answer 15

V1, parietal areas, dorsal

Question 16

Patients with damage to __________ occipital area could shape hand, could not consciously see.

patients with damage to __________ __________ can see objects, could not accurately reach.

Answer 16

lateral, dorsal stream

Question 17

Parietal lesions that impact visual areas typically characterized as __________ or __________.

Answer 17

visuospatial, visuomotor

Question 18

Posterior parietal visual neurons are only active when brain is __________, not __________.

Answer 18

acting, looking

Question 19

Comparison of faces is processed by the __________ __________ area in __________ lobe.

Answer 19

fusiform face area, temporal

Question 20

Imaging studies show increased activity in __ when subjects asked to detect motion, __ when asked to detect colour.

Answer 20

V4, V5