chapter 13 terms Flashcards
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portion of urogenital ridge that gives rise to urinary system
nephrogenic cord
three sets successively formed
development of the kidneys
transitory non-functional cell clusters and tubular structures that form in the cervical region and empty into cloaca
pronephros (early 4th week)
interim kidneys that function for approximately four weeks
mesonephros (late 4th week)
begin to form late in 5th week and functional in 9th week even though development is not complete
metanephros
gives rise to ureter, renal pelvis, calices and collecting tubules
metanephric diverticulum
gives rise to remaining structures of kidneys
metanephric mass of intermediate mesoderm
component of urogenital sinus that gives rise to the bulk of the bladder
vesicle part
component of urogenital sinus that gives rise to part of the bladder, prostatic urethra in males and entire urethra in females
pelvic part
small cysts found in approximately 1/3 of individuals»_space; only symptomatic if infected
urachal cysts
superior or inferior portion of urachus remains patent, opening at either umbilicus or bladder respectively
urachal sinus
rare condition in which entire urachus remains patent»_space; provides mechanism for urine to escape through umbilicus
urachal fistula
potential to develop into male reproductive organs
Wolffian (mesonephric) ducts
potential to develop into female reproductive organs and will degenerate in males
Mullerian (paramesonephric) ducts
process by which most follicles degenerate
atresia
stimulated by testis determining factor (TDF) whose gene is located on the sex-determining region of the Y (SRY) chromosome
testes
development of male genital ducts and associated glands
hCG stimulates production of androgens
degeneration of the paramesonephric ducts
Sertoli cells produce mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS)
portion of the paramesonephric duct in the female develop into oviducts
cranial end
portion of the paramesonephric duct where the left and right ducts fuse to form uterus and vagina
caudal end
portion of the paramesonephric duct that develops from tissue derived from wall of urogenital sinus
caudal portion of the vagina
provides path for testes to descend through abdominal wall
develops in both genders
inguinal canal
ligamentous remnant of mesonephros»_space; forms path for descent
gubernaculum
evagination of peritoneum through abdominal wall that develops into inguinal canal
vaginal process
failure of testis to descend through abdominal wall
cryptorchidism
testes pass through inguinal canal, but do not migrate into scrotum
ectopic testes
in the females, genital tubercle develops into?
clitoris
in the females, the urogenital folds develop into the?
labia minora
in the females, the labiosacral swellings develop into the?
labia majora
in the males, the genital tubercle develops into the?
glans penis
in the males, the urogenital folds fuse and develop into the?
shaft of the penis
in the males, the labiosacral swellings enlarge and fuse to form the?
scrotum
urethral orifice located along the ventral surface of the penis
hypospadias
female fetus produces excessive amounts of androgens (most commonly due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia) causing masculinization to external genitalia
partial fusion of labia majora to resemble scrotum
enlargement of clitoris to resemble penis
female pseudohermaphroditism
