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HCI MIDTERM > CHAPTER 13: SOCIO-ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES AND STAKEHOLDER REQUIREMENTS > Flashcards

CHAPTER 13: SOCIO-ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES AND STAKEHOLDER REQUIREMENTS Flashcards

1
Q

affecting the acceptance and relevance of information and communication system.

A

Organizational Issues

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2
Q
  • It can make or break a system.
A

Organizational Issues

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3
Q
  • Before installing a new computer system, one must identify the stakeholders who will be affected by it.
A

Organizational Issues

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4
Q

CSCW

A

Computer Supported Cooperative Work

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5
Q
  • The study of people working together, using computer-based tools such as groupware.
A

Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)

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6
Q

is used as a cross-organizational communication

A
  • Email
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7
Q

plays a great role for social change

A
  • Technology
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8
Q

the ability to work and collaborate at a distance allows functional groups to be distributed over different sites.

A

Invisible Workers

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9
Q
  • Many ecological and economic advantages:
A

o Reduce car travel
o Flexible family commitments

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10
Q

disadvantages of invisible workers

A

o ‘management by presence’ doesn’t work
o ‘management by objectives’ may not be so problematical
o Lack of physical presence can be a problem
o Problems for promotion, presence increase perceived worth

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11
Q

– no bias, but there will still be a problem in functioning symmetrically

A

Free Rider Problem

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12
Q

there is a need to develop a critical mass

A

Critical Mass

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13
Q
  • the idea that you need a certain number of users for a product in order for that product to be successful
A

Critical Mass

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14
Q

o more radical approach to organizational process

A
  • Business Process Re- Engineering (BPR)
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15
Q

o processes are recorded and analysed
o radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical aspects like quality, output, cost, service, and speed.
o aims at cutting down enterprise costs and process redundancies on a very huge scale.

A
  • Business Process Re- Engineering (BPR)
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16
Q

is anyone effected by success or failure of system

A
  • Stakeholders
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17
Q

stakeholders who actually use the system

A

o Primary

18
Q

stakeholders who do not directly use the system but, receive output or provide input to it

A

o Secondary

19
Q

no direct involvement but effected by success or failure of the system

A

o Tertiary

20
Q

involved with the design, development, and maintenance of the system

A

o Facilitating

21
Q

is to meet the needs of as many stakeholders as possible

A

design team

22
Q

usually take priority over others
o Most important
o But not always ex. Life support machine

A
  • Primary stakeholders
23
Q

represent both human and technical requirements

A

Socio-technical Modelling

24
Q

is the view that social change is primarily dictated by technology, with human and social factors being secondary concerns, was prevalent

A

o Technological determinism

25
Q

is a socio-technical methodology designed to be practical to use in small organization

A

Custom Methodology

26
Q

an alternative socio-technical approach, which attempts to describe what happens when a technical system is introduced into an organizational work environment

A

Open System Task Analysis (OSTA)

27
Q

arises from the same tradition but takes a view of the organization as a system of which technology and people are components

A

Soft Systems Methodology

28
Q

those who receive output or benefit from the system

A

Clients

29
Q

those who perform activities within the system

A

Actors

30
Q

the changes that are affected by thE system

A

Transformations

31
Q

how the system is perceived in a particular root definition

A

World View

32
Q

those to whom the system belongs, to whom it is answerable and who can authorize changes to it

A

Owner

33
Q

the world in which the system operates and by which it is influenced

A

Environment

34
Q

is a philosophy that encompasses the whole design cycle

A

Participatory Design

35
Q

o design in the workplace

A

Participatory Design

36
Q

participatory socio-technical approach devised by Enid Mumford

A

Ethics

37
Q
  • Three levels of participation
A

o consultative, representative, consensus

38
Q

very influential, particularly in the study of group systems like CSCW

A

Ethnography

39
Q
  • based on very detailed recording of the interactions between people and their environment
A

Ethnography

40
Q
  • a form of anthropological study with special focus on social relationships
A

Ethnography

41
Q

studies the user in context, trying to capture the reality of his work culture and practice

A

Contextual Inquiry

HCI MIDTERM (4 decks)

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