CHAPTER 13: SOCIO-ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES AND STAKEHOLDER REQUIREMENTS Flashcards
affecting the acceptance and relevance of information and communication system.
Organizational Issues
- It can make or break a system.
Organizational Issues
- Before installing a new computer system, one must identify the stakeholders who will be affected by it.
Organizational Issues
CSCW
Computer Supported Cooperative Work
- The study of people working together, using computer-based tools such as groupware.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)
is used as a cross-organizational communication
plays a great role for social change
- Technology
the ability to work and collaborate at a distance allows functional groups to be distributed over different sites.
Invisible Workers
- Many ecological and economic advantages:
o Reduce car travel
o Flexible family commitments
disadvantages of invisible workers
o ‘management by presence’ doesn’t work
o ‘management by objectives’ may not be so problematical
o Lack of physical presence can be a problem
o Problems for promotion, presence increase perceived worth
– no bias, but there will still be a problem in functioning symmetrically
Free Rider Problem
there is a need to develop a critical mass
Critical Mass
- the idea that you need a certain number of users for a product in order for that product to be successful
Critical Mass
o more radical approach to organizational process
- Business Process Re- Engineering (BPR)
o processes are recorded and analysed
o radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical aspects like quality, output, cost, service, and speed.
o aims at cutting down enterprise costs and process redundancies on a very huge scale.
- Business Process Re- Engineering (BPR)
is anyone effected by success or failure of system
- Stakeholders
stakeholders who actually use the system
o Primary
stakeholders who do not directly use the system but, receive output or provide input to it
o Secondary
no direct involvement but effected by success or failure of the system
o Tertiary
involved with the design, development, and maintenance of the system
o Facilitating
is to meet the needs of as many stakeholders as possible
design team
usually take priority over others
o Most important
o But not always ex. Life support machine
- Primary stakeholders
represent both human and technical requirements
Socio-technical Modelling
is the view that social change is primarily dictated by technology, with human and social factors being secondary concerns, was prevalent
o Technological determinism
