Chapter 13 Skin Flashcards

1
Q

order these steroids strongest to weakest
clobetasol
betamethasone 0.025%
clobetasone/ mometasone/ betamethasone 0.1%
hydrocortisone

A

clobetasol
betametasone
clobetasone
hydrocortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what type of vehicle is best applied to hairy skin

A

lotions

also has cooling effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which is the most greasy formulations

A

ointments
insoluble in water, can be combined with paraffin
more occulsive than pastes or ointments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what do pastes consist of

A

contsins high proportion of finely powdered solids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are emollients

A
soothe
smooth
hydrate
dry skin e.g eczema, psoriasis
apply frequently
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ABCS

what is the advisory committee for boderline substances

A

reposible for advising in the NHS such as sunscreen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are emoillients

A

added to bath water
soak in 10-20 mins
some bath emollients can be applied to wet skin undiluted and rinsed off
avoid soap in dry skin conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are barrier creams

A

replellents such as dimeticone or silicones

used for skin rash etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is used for nappy rash

A

1st line change nappy more frequently
2nd line antifungal such as clotrimazole
Alternatively zinc oxide cream e.g metanium /ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

treatment for impetigo

A

fusidic acid/ mupirocin used if long standing
no longer than 10 days
or hydrogen peroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what med is used for infected burns

A

silver sulfadiazine (flamazine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

angular cheilitis

A

fusidic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

rosacea

A

Metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

antifungals for skin

A

used 1-2 weeks after infection to prevent relapse

if topical not effectibve then use oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is tinea manum

A

infection on hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the imidazole antifungals

A

terbinafine

anyhting that ends in ole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is pityriasis / tinea versicolour and what are the treatment options

A

fungal infection causes small patches on skin to become scaly and discoloured
treated with ketoconazole or selenium sulfide shampoo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what tyoe of antifungal is used for candidiasis

A

topical imidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what do pts use if candiasis is refractory

A

oral antifungal treatment with fluconazole

pt would 1 tablet a week for 6 months

20
Q

what type of antifungal is used for angular cheilitis

A

miconazole

21
Q

topical antivirals example and use

A

aciclovir cream for herpes simplex/zoster
apply as early as possible
five times a day
systemic- tablets - if frequently occur

22
Q

counselling for permethrin for scabies

A

treat everyone in the house at the same time
adults and children over 2
elderly and children under 2 then out everywhere
whole body including face, neck, scalp and ears then wash off after 8–12 hours.

23
Q

how should a patient use permethrin

A

apply leave for 8-12hrs then wash off
\apply 1 week later
reapply after washing hands if within 8 hrs

24
Q

scabies treatment after permethrin

A

send child back to school 24 hrs after first treatment
can have crotamiton, corticosteroid or sedating antihistamine at night
irching- itch and eczema can last a few weeks

25
Q

treatment for headlice and how it works

A
dimeticone coast lice
interfers with water balance in lice
repeat after 7 days
dimeticone
malathion is second line
apply 8-12 hrs over night 
2 applications
7 days appart
treat all Household at the same time
26
Q

what is the best treatment for crab lice

pthirus pubis

A
Permethrin or malathion
apply and let dry
wash off after 12 hrs
repeat after 7 days
treat all body surfaces
27
Q

counselling for headlice treatment

A
risk of burn if exposed to open flame
dont smoke until hair washed
comb wet hair for 30 mins
every 4 days for 2 weeks until finished
use hair conditioner
28
Q

lichenifiaction definition

A

scratch so much lead to leathery patches of skin

29
Q

baseline treatment for eczema

A

use emollients all the time
steroids depends on severity
bandages can be put on top of creams

30
Q

what is used for eczema symptoms e.g itching, weeoing, refracroty

A
lichenification- potent steroid
non-sedation antihistamine for itching
sedating antihistamine to help sleep
exudative weeping eczema potent steroid
sever refractory ecezema use phototherapy
31
Q

what is psoriasis worsened by and what is used to treat it including if severe

A

worsened by lithium, beta blocker, ACEI, NSAID, hydroxychloroquine
emollients used as adjuncts to more specific treatment
pimecrolimus/tacrolimus used for atopic aczema/psoriasis
calcitriol
methotrexate or actretin used if severe

32
Q

when is topical steroids used on skin and what is not

A

eczema, insect stings, scabies, contact dermatitis

not recommended in acne

33
Q

what are the actives in canesten HC

A

Hydrocortisone and clotrimazole

34
Q

WHat are the actives in Fucidin H

A

Hydrocortisone and fusidic acid

35
Q

what are the activities in timodine

A

Hydrocortisone, nystatin, benzalkonium chloride and dimeticone

36
Q

what is the name of the moderate steroid that also has antimicrobials

A

trimovate

37
Q

what is the name of teh moderate steroid with urea

A

alphaderm

38
Q

name potent steroids

A

bethamethasone valerate 0.1%
mometasone furate 0.1%- elocon
HYDROCRTISONE BUTYRATE-lOCOID

39
Q

Which steroids are potent and have antimicrobial activity

A

Betamethasone and clioquinol/ betamethasone and neomycin
fucibet
synalar C and Synalar N

40
Q

what is the name of a potent steroid that also has salicylic acid

A

diprosalic

41
Q

whihc steroids are very potent

A

clobetasol- dermovate, etrivex, clarelux

nerisone forte

42
Q

whihc steroids are very potent with antimicrobial activity

A

clobetasol with meomycin and nystatin

43
Q

what is used for mild to moderate acne

A

topical tretinoin/isotretinoin/adapalene
need several months
Tetracyclines sytemic if topical doesnt work
may need to take for 2 years

44
Q

what treatment is used in moderate to severe acne

A

minocycine greater risk of lupus erthematosus like syndrome widespread tissue and organ damage
Irreversible pigmentation
Trimethoprim if acne resistant
hormone Treatment for acne co-cyprindiol whihc contains anti-androgen

45
Q

what is used for severe acne

A
last option
severe dryness in skin, eyes, lips
nose bleeds, joint pain
teratogenic
given for 16 weeks by consultatnt dermatologist
46
Q

what treatment is used in rosacea

A

briminidine tartrate/ topical metronidazole-facial erythema (redness) in rosacea OR
low dose doxycycline