Chapter 13- Sexual Disorders

Question 1

Sexual Dysfunctions

Answer 1

marked by persistent inability to function normally in some area of the sexual response cycle

Question 2

Sexual Response Cycle

Answer 2

Four phases:
desire
excitement
orgasm
resolution

(disorders affect one or more of the first three)

Question 3

Disorders of Desire

Answer 3

1. male hypoactive sexual desire disorder (lack of interest)

2. Female sexual interest disorder (lack of desire)

Question 4

Most causes of low sexual desire

Answer 4

sociocultural and psychological factors.. but bio conditions can lower sex drive significantly

Question 5

Biological causes of low sexual desire

Answer 5

~ abnormal hormone levels
~ excessive neurotransmitter activity of serotonin or dopamine
~ medications

Question 6

Psychological Causes of low sex desire

Answer 6

~ anxiety & depression & anger

~ fears. attitudes and memories

Question 7

Sociocultural causes of low sex drive

Answer 7

~ situational pressures like divorce, stress..
~ cultural standards
~ trauma w sexual assault

Question 8

Disorders of Excitement

Answer 8

1. female arousal disorder

2. male erectile disorder

Question 9

Male Erectile Disorder

Answer 9

~ inability to attain or maintain erection

Question 10

Biological Causes of excitement disorders

Answer 10

~ hormonal imbalances

~ medications

Question 11

Disorders of Orgasm

Answer 11

1. premature ejac
2. delayed ejac
3. female orgasmic disorder

Question 12

Premature ejac

Answer 12

~ affects 30% of men worldwide
~ typically young, inexperienced men
~ anxiety
~ biological theories

Treatment: behavior procedure & medication

Question 13

Delayed ejac

Answer 13

~ low testost levels, neurodiseases, head injuries
~ performance anxiety

Treatment:
reduce perf anxiety and inc, stim; medication

Question 14

Female Orgasmic Disorder

Answer 14

~ affects 21% of women
~ 10% never orgasm
~ Causes:
medications, diabetes, depression, child trauma, stressful events

Question 15

Sexual Dysfunction of sexual pain

Answer 15

1. genito-pelvic pain disorders (enormous physical discomfort during sex)
   ~ involuntary contractions of muscles of outer vag
   ~ fewer than 1% of women
   ~ Causes:
   learned fear response
   infections

Question 16

Dyspareunia

Answer 16

sexual dysfunction characterized by severe pain in genitals
~ 14% W and 3% M

treatment:
pain management, sex therapy, surgical intervention

Question 17

Treatment for Sexual Dysfunctions

Answer 17

~ sex therapy (short-term, focuses on specific problems)

~ disorders of desire most difficult to treat (combination of treatment used)

Question 18

Treatments of ED

Answer 18

~ focuses on man’s performance anxiety

~ range of behavioral, cognitive, and relationship interventions

Question 19

Female Orgasm disorder treatments

Answer 19

cog-behavioral
self-exploration
body awareness enhancement
directed masturbation training
hormone therapy 
sildenafil

Question 20

Sexting

Answer 20

~ 21% have sexted
~ may involve exhibitionist disorder
~ young adults largest group of sexters
~ sometimes be constructive addition to relationship

Question 21

Paraphilic Disorders

Answer 21

characterized by intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving objects or situations outside the usual sexual norms
~ few diagnoses but suspected commonality
~ individ experiences sig distress/impairment over urges

Question 22

Paraphilic treatments

Answer 22

~ little evidence for cause and effective treatment

Question 23

Fetishistic Disorder

Answer 23

~ recurrent intense sexual urges, sexual arousing behaviors involving nonliving objects
~ treatment: orgasmic reorientation

Question 24

Transvestic Disorder

Answer 24

~ fantasies/urges involving dressing in clothes of opposite sex
~ begins in teenage years
~ learned through classical conditioning

Question 25

Exhibitionistic Disorder

Answer 25

~ arousal from exposure of genitals in a public setting
~ begins before 18 and common in males
~treatment: aversion therapy, masturbatory satiation, social skill training

Question 26

Voyeuristic Disorder

Answer 26

~ repeated and intense sexual urges to observe people as they undress or spy on ppl having sex
~ theories:
feelings on inadequacy or shyness drive the search for power
~cog-beh: learned behavior

Question 27

Frotteuristic Disorder

Answer 27

~ recurrent and intense fantasies/urges involving touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person
~ almost always male
~ usually beings in teen years or earlier and decreases or disappears after age 25

Question 28

Sexual Sadism Disorder

Answer 28

~ intense sexual arousal involving suffering of victim
~ theories:
classical conditioning and modeling
sexual inadequacy drives need to inflict pain
brain an hormonal abnormalities
~ treatment: aversion therapy

Question 29

Gender Dysphoria

Answer 29

persistently feel that they have been assigned the wrong bio sex, and gender changes would be desirable

Question 30

transgender women vs men

Answer 30

trans-women outnumber trans-men 2:1

~ feelings may emerge in childhood but disappear later

Question 31

Explanations of transgender functioning

Answer 31

~ biological (prenatal or genetic factors)

~ abnormalities in the brain incl. hypothalamus

Question 32

treatment of gender dysphoria

Answer 32

psychotherapy

cog-beh education & support programs

Question 33

people w disorder change sexual characteristics by way of hormones

Answer 33

hormone pills & surgery